WOL réveil a distance

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(New page: ==Introduction== '''W'''ake '''O'''n '''LAN''' (Réveil par LAN -Réveil par le réseau) fait référence à la possibilité de sortir un ordinateur de son état de veille, d'hibernation o...)
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# Dans l'idéal, un deuxième PC pour tester la capacité à se réveiller du premier. Vous pouvez aussi utiliser l'interface WEB de DD-WRT pour envoyer des paquets de test comme alternative. # Dans l'idéal, un deuxième PC pour tester la capacité à se réveiller du premier. Vous pouvez aussi utiliser l'interface WEB de DD-WRT pour envoyer des paquets de test comme alternative.
-==Enable WOL on the Computer==+==Activer le WOL sur l'ordinateur==
-#On the LAN adapter of the computer (physical ethernet adapter and/or wireless, given BIOS support), choose Properties/Configure.+#Sur l'adaptateur physique Ethernet et/ou sur l'adaptateur sans fil (selon le BIOS), choisissez Propriétés/Configuration.
-#Power Management tab (far right). Check the second and third boxes to enable WOL. Press OK until you are back at Network Connections. Now the computer can normally be started from Hibernate, Standby, or PowerOff modes via a special management packet.+#Dans l'onglet Gestion de l'énergie (Power Management) (cochez la troisième case pour valider le WOL. Faites OK jusqu'à revenir à Connexion réseau (far right). Check the second and third boxes to enable WOL. Press OK until you are back at Network Connections. Now the computer can normally be started from Hibernate, Standby, or PowerOff modes via a special management packet.
#Get ready to test your set-up by using a utility like WOL Magic Packet Sender http://magicpacket.free.fr/ (free). Install it on '''both the computer you are using and a second PC on the same physical LAN.''' #Get ready to test your set-up by using a utility like WOL Magic Packet Sender http://magicpacket.free.fr/ (free). Install it on '''both the computer you are using and a second PC on the same physical LAN.'''
# On the '''WOL''' computer, open WOL Magic Packet and on the Receive tab, click the green Start button. # On the '''WOL''' computer, open WOL Magic Packet and on the Receive tab, click the green Start button.

Revision as of 10:53, 7 February 2013

Contents

Introduction

Wake On LAN (Réveil par LAN -Réveil par le réseau) fait référence à la possibilité de sortir un ordinateur de son état de veille, d'hibernation ou de mise hors tension en envoyant une trame spécifique (paquet magique) sur son interface réseau. Le PC ainsi que l'interface réseau doivent être compatibles avec ce mode d'éveil mais, dans le cas des PC récents, il est probable qu'ils le soient.

Les raisons d'utiliser le WOL avec DD-WRT:

  • Vous ne souhaitez pas que votre ordinateur soit sous tension en permanence. De plus vous voulez pouvoir y accéder en étant à l'extérieur de votre domicile (ou bureau) , c'est pourquoi votre PC est accessible à travers un routeur sous DD-WRT qui reste sous tension en permanence.
  • Votre PC fait office de serveur en permanence et vous voulez qu'il puisse se mettre hors tension dans les cas de surchauffe ou dans d'autres situation. Si cela se produit, vous souhaitez continuer à avoir accès à vos documents sur ce serveur; donc vous devez pouvoir le redémarrer à distance.

Préparation

Vous aurez besoin de :

  1. Un PC compatible avec le WOL. La plupart des PC modernes peuvent être configuré pour cela.
  2. Un accès au PC à réveiller en tant qu' administrateur.
  3. Le PC à réveiller devrait avoir une adresse IP statique, assignée manuellement ou via une configuration DHCP statique. Dans l'exemple qui suit nous supposons que l'adresse LAN de votre routeur est 192.168.1.x (la valeur par defaut) et que l'adresse statique de PC à réveiller est 192.168.1.254.
  4. Dans l'idéal, un deuxième PC pour tester la capacité à se réveiller du premier. Vous pouvez aussi utiliser l'interface WEB de DD-WRT pour envoyer des paquets de test comme alternative.

Activer le WOL sur l'ordinateur

  1. Sur l'adaptateur physique Ethernet et/ou sur l'adaptateur sans fil (selon le BIOS), choisissez Propriétés/Configuration.
  2. Dans l'onglet Gestion de l'énergie (Power Management) (cochez la troisième case pour valider le WOL. Faites OK jusqu'à revenir à Connexion réseau (far right). Check the second and third boxes to enable WOL. Press OK until you are back at Network Connections. Now the computer can normally be started from Hibernate, Standby, or PowerOff modes via a special management packet.
  3. Get ready to test your set-up by using a utility like WOL Magic Packet Sender http://magicpacket.free.fr/ (free). Install it on both the computer you are using and a second PC on the same physical LAN.
  4. On the WOL computer, open WOL Magic Packet and on the Receive tab, click the green Start button.
  5. On the second computer, open WOL Magic Packet and on the Send tab, put in:
    1. IP Address of WOL computer for Host Name
    2. 0.0.0.0 for Subnet Mask (select from drop-down)
    3. MAC address of LAN adapter on WOL computer. Use the command 'ipconfig /all' if you don't know what this is.
  6. Click the green Send button. The WOL computer should respond with a pop-up box showing a packet was received.

Repeat the previous steps and go over the trouble-shooting tips until they work before proceeding.

Test that WOL works within the LAN

Hibernate, Standby, and Power-off the WOL computer, while clicking Send on the second computer, to test each mode to make sure WOL is working.

Once this step is working, you can go on to making WOL work when you are outside your LAN, such as at a cafe or another remote location.

Troubleshooting

Wake On LAN is usually disabled by default in most PCs. This feature, if optional, must be enabled in your BIOS otherwise WOL isn't going to work. Consult your motherboard's manual and BIOS screen (DEL at startup, usually). If you don't see the WakeOn-type options in your BIOS, usually somewhere in Power Management, your motherboard may not support WOL.

  • A good place to start is here: [1]

WOL Methods

WOL through Telnet/SSH

Note: This is the preferred method to send WOL magic packets remotely.

If you have local or remote Telnet/SSH access to your router, you can wake up a machine on the LAN by using the following command:

/usr/sbin/wol -i 192.168.1.255 -p PP AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF

Note that the full path to "/usr/sbin/wol" is important. Simply "wol" will not work.

Substitute AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF with the actual MAC address of the computer which you wish to boot remotely. Likewise, replace 192.168.1.255 with the actual broadcast address of the network (192.168.1.255 is the broadcast address when the machine has an IP of 192.168.1.x and subnet mask of 255.255.255.0). Replace "PP" with the port number your machine listens on (usually 7 or 9).

Remote Wake On LAN via Port Forwarding

To remotely wake up a computer over the Internet using Wake On LAN- follow these instructions:

1 - Create a port forward rule on the Web Interface (Applications & Gaming -> Port Range Forward) to the chosen ip:

wol  |  9  |  9  |  udp  |  192.168.1.254  |  x
  • Here, 9 is the default, but you can use any port number so long as your client wake-up application can talk to a port other than 9. Most WOL services will use either UDP port 7 or 9.
  • 192.168.1.254 is just an IP address in your LAN's subnet; it can be any IP, as long as it is not assigned to any device on your network.

2 - Add a static ARP entry by typing the following line into the Administration -> Commands section of the Web Interface and then saving with Save Startup.

arp -i br0 -s 192.168.1.254 FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
  • Do not change the FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF MAC address; this is a special MAC address used when broadcasting. WOL magic packets are constructed using the MAC address of the target computer, but should be and almost always are sent via broadcast; the MAC address used here controls with how the packet is sent, not how it is formed.
  • The 192.168.1.254 IP address should correspond with the IP address you used in the previous step. Again, this IP should be in your LAN's subnet, and you must not assign this IP address to any actual device on your network.
  • Explanation/rationale for this setup: Normally, WOL magic packets are sent to a special broadcast IP--to the final .255 in a subnet or to 255.255.255.255. Since port-forwarding to these special dedicated broadcast IPs does not work, what we need to do is create our own broadcast IP by taking an unused IP and assigning it a broadcast MAC and then port-forward to that.
  • As an optional alternative, instead of arp, you can use ip neigh (which does the exact same thing as arp). Support for ip neigh was removed from DD-WRT starting with build 17650, and arp is unavailable in DD-WRT builds older than 5672.
ip neigh change 192.168.1.254 lladdr ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff nud permanent dev br0
ip neigh add 192.168.1.254 lladdr ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff nud permanent dev br0

3 - Reboot the router, or execute the startup commands manually.

  • To wake your computer from the internet using the DD-WRT device DynDNS name (or if you know it, the public IP of the router), try one of the following services;
  1. Mestrona's online WOL. You need to forward port 9 udp in step one, to use this service.
  2. Wake-On-LAN Online. It works both on ports 7 and 9 and allows WOL by a single URL of the form: http://mobile.wakeonlan.me/?ip=HOSTNAME&mac=MACADDRESS. It also allows for scheduled wakeup over the internet.
  3. To use the WOL Magic Packet application from a second PC:
    1. Host Name: DynDNS name of your DD-WRT device.
    2. Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.255
    3. MAC Address: WOL computer MAC address, not the DD-WRT MAC.
    4. Click the green Send button.

Automatic Wake-On-LAN Daemon

The Automatic WOL daemon will send out a periodic wake on lan packet at the intervals you specify. This may be useful to keep a system online most of the time even if it is turned off. (eg: A Media Center PC).

For Interval you can enter a value in seconds as low as 15 seconds and as high as 86400 seconds (1 day). Host name should be the broadcast address for your LAN. eg: 255.255.255.255 or 192.168.1.255. SecureON Password is computers that have a BIOS feature that secures the WOL function. If you do not have a BIOS that requires this form of password then you can leave the box blank or type in 00-00-00-00-00-00. MAC Address(es) should contain the MAC address of the networked machines you want a WOL to be sent to on your LAN.

The packets generated by the WOL daemon are sent to UDP port 40000. You likely will not need to worry about this unless the system you are attempting to send the WOL packet is on another subnet or you are trying to monitor the packets.

note: the UI says that the Interval accepts a range of 1-86400 seconds but it will only send out a WOL packet at a minimum of 15 second intervals. All values below 15 are accepted but the interval will still be every 15 seconds.

A useful tool for watching the WOL packets on a Windows computer is available at www.depicus.com/wake-on-lan (use port 40000 when monitoring) Or you can use a more generic protocol analyzer tool like Wireshark.

WOL Scripts

  1. Wake up a specific host when triggered from the internet: Web Server Wake-up.
  2. To wake by name: Name-based WOL.

See Also (forum discussions)

References