Installation/fr

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Dans la plupart des cas, installer DD-WRT sur un routeur n'est pas plus difficile qu'installer un programme sur un ordinateur. Cependant, en cas de mauvaise manipulation, vous pouvez vous retrouver avec un routeur inopérant, tout juste bon à être mis à la poubelle. L'installation d'un programme (plus connu sous l'appellation de firmware), s'effectue selon une méthode appelée flashing. Cette page doit vous permettre d'identifier la méthode qui s'applique à votre routeur -s'il est compatible avec DD-WRT - ainsi que des informations qui s'appliquent à tous les routeurs.

Contents

Choisir le bon firmware - De la plus haute importance

Votre routeur est-il pris en charge?

En premier lieu, consultez la base de données : http://www.dd-wrt.com/site/support/router-database

Si votre routeur n'y apparaît pas, allez voir dans le wiki.

Pour une liste des routeurs compatibles avec DD-WRT reportez-vous à la page du wiki intitulée Supported Devices.

Pour une liste des routeurs ""incompatibles avec DD-WRT"" (liste noire) reportez-vous à la page du wiki intitulée Known incompatible devices.

Si votre routeur est pris en charge, il est possible que vous trouviez des informations spécifiques le concernant sur la page Hardware-specific. Néanmoins, 'pour éviter de rendre votre routeur inopérant , attachez-vous à lire l'intégralité de cette page. Vous pourrez ensuite tenir compte des particularités de votre routeur.

Avant de télécharger, monter en version, ou flasher

Avant que vous n'essayiez d'entreprendre quoi que ce soit, y compris le chargement de n'importe quel firmware dans votre routeur, lisez la page English Broadcom Forum Announcement intitulée Peacock Thread. Elle contient des informations qui ne sont pas seulement destinées à ceux qui rencontrent des problèmes. Le plus souvent, sauter cette étape conduit de nonbreuses personnes à rendre leur routeur impropre à l'utilisation.

Commencez par là... faites quelques recherches.. puis posez des questions. Ne vous contentez pas de charger V24-Final ou SP1. (Lisez le English Broadcom Forum Announcements dont on parle plus haut pour comprendre pourquoi). La page de téléchargement très conviviale de DD-WRT [[1]] vous aidera à identifier le parfait tueur et la parfaite version du firmware DD-WRT qui s'applique à votre appareil. Néanmoins, vous devez utiliser le fil de discussion peacock thread et l'information disponible dans la page Hardware-specific pour identifier avec précision votre routeur et ne pas créer de problèmes susceptibles de rendre votre routeur inopérant.

Après avoir lu cette page , ainsi que le fil de discussion peacock thread, la page Hardware-specific sera peut-être la page la plus utile pour vous pour identifier votre routeur, savoir quelles fichiers télécharger (y compris les instructions), et y voir clair dans la procédure à appliquer.


Identifier votre firmware DD-WRT

  • Utilisez les informations spécifiques à votre marque dans la page Hardware-specific pour identifier votre modèle de routeur avec précision. Partez de la marque (par exemple, "Linksys"). Utilisez cette information - plutôt que l'idée que vous vous faites a priori du routeur que vous avez - clock.
  • Comme le mentionne le fil de discussion peacock thread utiliser un mauvais fichier est la pire des choses que vous pouvez faire. Fort heureusement, l'équipe DD-WRT a grandement simplifié cela avec son processus de recherche. Une fois votre routeur correctement et précisément identifié, vous êtes en mesure de vous rendre directement sur la page de téléchargement DD-WRT (ou sur versions stables) pour y trouver le fichier dont vous avez besoin. Une fois encore, vérifiez sur la page Hardware-specific qu'il n'existe pas de liens vers des instructions détaillées qui peuvent vous apporter des précisions sur le nombre de fichiers dont vous avez besoin, etc. (- clock).
  • Quelques routeurs récents ne sont pas pris en charge par la denière version stable. Jetez un coup d'oeil à la liste Supported Devices pour connaître la version minimale du firmware DD-WRT pour votre routeur. Vous pouvez être conduit à utiliser un SVM ou un build expérimental.
    • Pour une comparaison des builds', reportez-vous à File Versions.
    • 'La mise à jour par le biais de l'interface Web (c.à.d., l'interface du routeur accessible par un navigateur Internet) implique que vous devez utiliser la version _generic.
    • Utilisez la version _mini quand vous montez en version à partir du firmware original de Linksys. Vous devez utiliser la version _micro si votre matériel ne dispose que de 2 MB de mémoire flash (WRT54G v5 à v8 par exemple). Utilisez la version "_mini" du firmware si votre matériel dispose de 4 MB ou plus (WRT54GL par exemple). La taille maximum des fichiers en octets est donnée par la liste Maximum firmware size. (Là encore, utilisez la fonction de recherche de la page de téléchargement en tant qu'aide - clock).
  • Lisez changelog et tous les autres fichiers d'information dans les pages de téléchargement. Ils contiennent de précieuses informations !

Télécharger votre firmware DD-WRT

  • Vous devrez télécharger un certain nombre de fichiers (firmware, pages d'instruction pour un travail hors ligne, etc.) Il est recommandé de commencer par créer un dossier sur votre ordinateur pour cela - clock.
  • Assurez-vous d'utiliser la bonne version du firmware (une fois de plus, la fonction de recherche de la page de téléchargement évoquée plus haut, devrait vous conduire aux bons fichiers si vous avez pris la peine de bien identifier votre routeur; ne téléchargez des firmware que de cette page - clock).
  • Téléchargez la dernière version stable ' depuis la page de téléchargement de DD-WRT (ou depuis versions sûres).
  • Selon vos besoins propres il vous faudra peut-être plus d'un téléchargement -tels qu'une version "tueur" qui devra être installée avant le firmware DD-WRT. La fonction de recherche devrait les montrer toutes les deux. Si des instructions sont fournies pour votre routeur dans la page Hardware-specific , assurez-vous de savoir ce qui est nécessaire. Une fois de plus, le fil de discussion peacock thread vous expliquera pourquoi le choix d'une mauvaise taille peut complètement ravager votre routeur - clock).
  • Si vous avez téléchargé un 'fichier .zip, commencez par extraire l'archive. (S'il s'agit d'un fichier .bin , ne lui faites rien - clock).
  • Vérifiez que votre fichier n'a pas été corrompu lors du téléchargement en comparant l'empreinte MD5 du firmware téléchargé avec la checksum publiée. Reportez-vous à Hashes & Checksums pour plus d'information.

Precautions

Si vous n'avez pas encore de firmware DD-WRT sur votre routeur, il sera peut-être nécessaire d'exécuter préalablement un programme tueur. Vous devriez être en mesure de le trouver en utilisant la fonction de recherche de la page de téléchargement DD-WRT [[2]] pour votre routeur. La manière d'installer le firmware est probablement couvert dans la page Hardware-specific correspondant à votre routeur. Il ressemblera au processus complet décrit ci-dessous pour ce fichier tueur particulier - clock.

L'aspect le plus important à assimiler de cette section est placé sous le paragraphe precautions. Beaucoup de personnes détruisent des routeurs en permanence parce qu'elles ne suivent pas ces conseils. Alors, s'il vous plaît, prenez le temps de les apprendre et de les assimiler- clock. Suivez les instructions à la lettre ou vous risquez d'avoir de gros ennuis. Un flash incorrect peut tueur brick votre routeur!

Faites des recherches préalables

clock:

  1. Ne pas faire de recherche préalable peut générer chez vous une énorme frustration , de la perte de temps et rendre votre routeur entièrement inopérant. En d'autres termes, vous pouvez être contraint de le mettre à la poubelle. Avec une heure environ de recherche, vous éviterez des heures de frustration.
  2. Avant de faire quoi que ce soit, on vous recommande de parcourir ce wiki, en particuliers ces précautions. Regardez aussi le célèbre fil de discussion peacock thread [3], ainsi que les techniques de base telles que le Hard_reset_or_30/30/30 et tftp [4]. Voyez Settings pour une plus ample information. Ceux-ci peuvent comprendre quelques sections dans quelques pages qui ne sont pas pertinentes et que vous pouvez survoler.
  3. You will need to review many of the recommended sites to download below. You'll want to save this page (see below), but you will want to get the background first. Be careful about implementation (actually flashing) on this wiki as compared to what is recommended as a guide for your router under Hardware-specific. However, reviewing this wiki will be important for overall understanding.

General

  1. Do not try to skimp on the Hard_reset_or_30/30/30 reset before or after each change to your router's firmware. The peacock thread goes into extensive justifications. (clock used a stopwatch.) Be sure to follow all power cycling and reset instructions as described.
  2. For the initial flash from the Linksys firmware, do not use Firefox; use IE to flash the router (even OS X IE works). Once DD-WRT is running, you can use any browser you like to administer or even flash the router.
  3. Do NOT flash your firmware over an SSL (HTTPS) connection. Make sure you are using HTTP.

Prepare to Go Offline

  1. You will not have internet access through the router during the process of replacing the firmware. You are going to do almost everything offline with a LAN connection to your router (how to Disable your wireless). Given the many types of problems you can encounter that can prohibit you from getting help, the process of reactivating and deactivating your security settings if you actually can get back online, and the likelihood for browser crashes if you try to just keep the pages up, you will need to download everything you need before you start. This will allow you to review the information offline in the event that something goes wrong.
  2. Some users, such as those running Windows Vista, may need to Disable Compound TCP - clock).
  3. Do not forget to make note of your current settings, especially if you have static IP addresses. A quick way of doing this is to take screenshots of your current configuration screens (which can be found on your web GUI, or online router interface - clock).
    1. It can be essential to record your current WAN MAC address. Some ISPs do not allow an immediate change of the routing hardware and changing the firmware changes the MAC address. (You may also find these on your web GUI - clock).
  4. Have a secondary router or internet connection available while experimenting with your router's firmware, to expedite any trouble shooting and remove the risk of becoming stranded.
    1. If you have a cable modem which connects to your router with ethernet, you can plug your PC straight into the modem should you have any problems. Your PC will be assigned your external IP with DHCP, and you will be on the net. Remember to use a software firewall.
  5. We recommend you save the following series of pages to your hard drive (use File->Save As, *NOT* a bookmark). (Make sure to save all webpages as HTML. Do not save as compressed html files (some computers default to that.) Here are the websites to save: (-clock)
    • The installation page for your specific router as found though the Hardware-specific page.
    • The peacock thread [5].
    • This wiki [6].
    • Recover from a Bad Flash.
    • FAQs [7]
    • Tftp Flash instruction [8] if applicable. It describes how you may have to enable Tftp, which is very quick and easy (just one check box). You may need to be prepared to use Tftp even if you do not plan to use it.
    • The Wikipedia instructions for Compound TCP, if applicable (Vista, etc), available at: [9].
  6. In addition, you will probably also need:
    • The Tftp.exe file, if applicable (execute it from the Tftp [10] link above, and just leave it open).
    • First ("killer") flash file, if applicable.
    • Second (DD-WRT) flash file. (In some cases, this may be the only file you need.)

Going Offline/Before Implementation

  1. Do NOT use a wireless connection to upload firmware. Use a wired (LAN) connection.
  2. Disable any wireless adapters (see the right way to do it) on your system to ensure that none are used for the transfer.
  3. AFTER you are offline, disable your anti-virus-software, as as a false-positive virus detection could interrupt the upload. Disable all firewalls and security (here are instructions to Disable Security. Especially if you need to use TFTP to upload firmware, disable your software firewall first. (Restore before you go back online, something your browser may automatically prompt you to do.)

"Flashing" Your Router with DD-WRT Firmware

Below, three methods of flashing will be covered: using your router's online interface (#Method 1: Flashing with Web GUI); #Method 2: Flashing with TFTP; and #Method 3: Flashing with Command Line. Your router may dictate what you use. After reading this page, please see the Hardware-specific instructions to clarify what is best for your router - clock.

Method 1: Flashing with Web GUI

The following instructions are very general and apply mostly to Linksys routers. Check for hardware-specific instructions in the Hardware-specific page.

  1. Reset your router
    1. Use Hard reset or 30/30/30.
    2. While not as preferable (this may cause problems down the line) you can reset to Factory Defaults instead.
      1. If you do decide to restore defaults, if you do not know the IP address, username, or password of your router, you will need to use the reset button (this does not appear to be referring to a Hard reset or 30/30/30; this appears to be referring to a simple 30-second reset - clock). Be careful when using this method! Apparently if you have OpenWRT already on your router the reset button may not function as it is assumed here and may actually brick your router! Research the functionality of your current firmware to be safe.)
      2. Again, if you decide to restore defaults, if you already have a version of dd-wrt installed, and you know the IP address, username, or password of your router, you can use this method (other routers may require different instructions):
        • Follow the instructions in the next section to log in to the Web GUI.
        • Click the "Administration" tab.
        • Click the "Factory Defaults" sub-tab.
        • Select "Yes".
        • Click the "Save Settings" button.
        • A new page will open, click "continue".)
  2. Log on to the Web GUI (if you have not done so already).
    1. To use the Web interface, you will need to have Javascript enabled with any security restrictions disabled. Some versions of the Linksys firmware Web GUI have trouble with different browsers (some don't work with Firefox, some don't work with Safari). If the Web GUI is giving errors, try switching to a different browser.
    2. Type in the IP address of the router (typically, the default is 192.168.1.1, especially with Linksys) into the address bar of your browser. (If you do not know the router IP address, you can attempt to obtain it).
    3. You will be prompted for username and password. (If your router already has a DD-WRT versions starting with 2006-Feb-28, the default username is root. Prior versions have a blank username by default. For Linksys firmware, the default username can be left blank or set to anything. For both DD-WRT and Linksys firmware, the default password is admin. Search online for other defaults on other routers).
  3. Upload the Firmware.
    1. WARNING:It is VERY important that you not interrupt the setup while the router is being flashed and rebooted. Do not turn off the computer, close the web browser, or turn off the router during this process! (I usually just take a step back, and turn my head away so I don't breathe on it for these crucial 2 minutes).
    2. This section is written for a dd-wrt web GUI. Your router's GUI's operations may be different. Please see the previous comment about the possible need for "kill" firmware before your dd-wrt installation. This section may not work for your router as written. Please see the Hardware-specific section for information on your specific router's needs.
      1. First do a hard reset on the unit that DD-WRT is to be loaded onto.
      2. You should be in the Web GUI of the router. Go there now (as discussed above).
      3. Click the "Administration" tab
      4. Click the "Firmware Upgrade" sub-tab.
      5. (Only applicable when DD-WRT is already installed.) Choose the option to Reset to Defaults after flashing.
      6. Click the "Browse" button and select the DD-WRT .bin file you downloaded and confirmed.
      7. Click the "Upgrade" button.
      8. The router will take a few minutes to upload the file and flash the firmware. During this time, the power light will flash.
      9. A new page will open confirming that the upload was successful (Installation#Possible errors if not). Now wait about 5 minutes before clicking "Continue".
      10. Lastly, do another hard reset on the unit.
      11. If flashed successfully you will now be able to access the DD-WRT web interface at 192.168.1.1 (again, that is default for most Linksys, etc routers; does not apply to all routers. Check your router's IP before you start this process - clock).
  4. Possible Errors with Uploading Firmware
    1. [Comment added 2007/03/27 by staylor] Or, you won't be at the DD-WRT web interface I have a WRT54g v1.1 (also with WRT54gl v1.1), flashing with DD-WRT v23 sp2. I waited the requisite number of minutes, and my "Wireless-G" badge lit up (a good sign), but when I clicked "Continue" after the upload was successful, I did not get to the DD-WRT web interface. Nor was the device ping-able.
    2. [Comment added 1/04/08 by jwebste1] I can confirm Staylor's comment above for a brand new store bought WRT350N (had to soft reset the router to get the mini install to become accessible on 192.168.1.1. Holding down the reset button for 30 seconds (leaving the power cable connected) re-booted the router, and all was fine thereafter. If the above doesn't result in a successful load of the DD-WRT web interface, try a "ipconfig -renew" in a command prompt window.
    3. [Comment added 12/22/09 by clock] After initially attempting the install of the "kill" file for my router (as described in my router's Hardware-specific section) my browser kept providing an error message. Finally, I thought the router had been bricked. A quick look at the peacock thread showed that pinging the router and receiving a TTL of 100 meant that, while the router appeared broken, it was ready for the installation of the dd-wrt .bin file for my router. Using the tftp.exe discussed at the peacock and at [[11]], I was able to install the dd-wrt firmware without much more fuss.
    4. Again, the best method is to look first at your Hardware-specific guidelines and refer to those instructions, keeping in mind the #Precautions outlined above.
    5. During the firmware upload process, if your router says something similar to, "Upload Failed," you may be using the wrong version of DD-WRT. This may occur through the web GUI if you use a *wrt54g.bin version when you should have selected the generic version instead. It may also be that your router requires the mini version to be flashed before the full version. Be sure to double check to make sure you have the right version (as described in the first section of this page - clock). If you are certain that your router is supported and that you have the correct firmware, you may simply need to use a different web browser (e.g. from Firefox to Internet Explorer).
    6. After clicking Upgrade when upgrading firmware from one DD-WRT version to another, if you are using Firefox there may be a problem with the upload. In this instance the screen fades to white with a countdown timer and is followed by a Connection Reset message shortly after. After this you cannot access the Web GUI again, and a router reboot will result in a flashing power light (WRT54GL is the case in point). You can recover from this and use a different browser (e.g. Internet Explorer) to upload the firmware.
    7. If logging in fails with the default username/password, you can reset the password with a Reset And Reboot.
  5. Reset Again
    1. You can use Hard reset or 30/30/30 again. Do this only after you have confirmed that the firmware upgrade is working. At this point you may have temporary problems using Web Interface, so just ping your router.
    2. Many Web Interface problems can be solved by a hard reset and by clearing your browser cache.
    3. See Reset And Reboot.

Method 2: Flashing with TFTP

TFTP is generally a safe method to flash many routers. However, it is not preferred method for flashing most devices. In the Hardware-specific section you may be advised to use this method if it is the preferred or only method for your brand or type of device. Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used, as it is adequate for the vast majority of standard situations, but refer to the Hardware-specific section to be sure.

Tftp is easy: if often requires one quick box uncheck and a quick click - then you are good to go. It is great for instances when web GUI malfunctions or the router appears to be (but is not) bricked - clock.

If you still wish to flash with TFTP, see the articles TFTP flash, Asus TFTP Flash and Recovering with TFTP.

Method 3: Flashing with Command Line

This is only available on routers that already have DD-WRT installed and Telnet/SSH enabled. It is the *ONLY* recommended method to upgrade the router wirelessly because the file is transferred from the DD-WRT servers to the router and the checksum is verified to ensure that the file is not corrupt. Other flashing methods transfer the file from your PC to the router (which would go over the wireless which is not as reliable) and do nothing to verify that the file is not corrupted.

Telnet or ssh into DD-WRT.

Download the firmware to the router's /tmp directory with wget or scp.

cd /tmp
wget http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/stable/dd-wrt.v2x_generic.bin

Alternatively, you could use the mounted share if you have one, and simply download the file there.

Compare the MD5 checksum of the original and the downloaded file.

md5sum dd-wrt.v2x_generic.bin

Write the firmware to flash.

write dd-wrt.v2x_generic.bin linux

Wait...

Reboot

Restore factory defaults using erase nvram command or reset button

Other Notes

Upgrading to a Newer Version of DD-WRT

If DD-WRT is already installed on your router, you can simply upgrade to a new version via the web interface or TFTP. However, it is highly recommended that you restore the router to defaults using the reset button before and after flash. Never restore old backups from previous versions! Skipping these steps could lead to a bricked device!

Please see wiki article Hard reset for further information on how to restore your device back to DD-WRT default settings.

Configuration Notes

  • You must start to configure router from scratch. Do not try to use config files from older firmware versions.
  • It is strongly advised that you do not disable the "Boot Wait" option under the "Administration" tab. Boot Wait allows you recover if you flash your router improperly.

If something goes wrong

  • If your router fails to reboot (power light doesn't stop flashing, no web interface, etc) you will need to Recover from a Bad Flash. Additional help can be found by doing a forum search.
  • The peacock thread's section on bricked routers ([12]) can help you to identify if you have a real problem or not.

Hardware-specific

This section has been condensed. An expanded listing is available on another page. The list below contains some links not yet available in the other page, so check both places to be sure you have found all information for your router.

  1. Accton:
    1. Accton MR3202A: see LaFonera Software Flashing Page. (Use only the MR3202A binaries provided, instead of the Fonera ones).
    2. Accton MR3201A: see Accton Software Flashing Page. (Use Fonera binaries)
    3. Open-Mesh OM1P: See OM1P config page. (Use Fonera 2100 binaries)
  2. Allnet
  3. Asus
  4. Belkin
  5. Buffalo
  6. D-Link
  7. Gateworks Avila: Gateworks Avila Network Processor GW2348
  8. LaFonera (en) see LaFonera Software Flashing
  9. Linksys (Includes Cisco)
  10. Microsoft
  11. Mikrotik: Mikrotik Routerboard RB/532
  12. Motorola: Motorola WR850G
  13. Mitsubishi
  14. Netgear
  15. Siemens: Flash Your Siemens SE505
  16. Ubiquiti
  17. US Robotics USR5461
  18. X86