Installation

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---==Supported Devices==--+{{Languages|Installation}}
 +Installing DD-WRT on a router in most cases is almost as simple as installing a program onto your computer. However, doing it incorrectly can leave you with a router that you have to throw away. Installing programs on a router, known as firmware, are achieved by a method called flashing. This article helps you determine which installation process is for you on your supported router, as well as giving router suggestions and information about flashing each one.
-as of version v23 SP1 final 
-* Allnet 
-** All0277 
-* Askey 
-** RT210W, see flashing notes for Siemens SE505 v1 
-* Asus 
-** Asus WL-500G deluxe [http://froogle.google.com/froogle?q=Asus+WL-500G+deluxe+&hl=en&lr=&rls=SUNA,SUNA:2006-05,SUNA:en&sa=X&oi=froogle&ct=title (product search)] 
-* Belkin 
-** F5D7130/7330 (2mb flash) 
-** F5D7230-4 v1444 (2mb flash) 
-* Buffalo+=Choosing the Correct Firmware - '''Extremely Important'''=
-** WHR-G54S+==Is Your Router Supported?==
-** WHR-HP-G54+Please check the [https://dd-wrt.com/support/router-database/ '''router database'''] first.
-** WHR-HP-G54S+
-** WZR-RS-G54+
-** WBR-G54+
-** WBR2-G54+
-** WBR2-G54s+
-** WLA-G54+
-* Linksys+
-** WRT54G v1.0, v1.1, v2.0, v2.2, v3.0, v3.1, v4.0, v5.0 (2mb flash)+
-** WRT54GL v1.0, v1.1+
-** WRT54GS v1.0, v1.1, v2.0, v2.1, v3.0, v4.0, v5.0 (2mb flash)+
-* Motorola+
-** WR850G+
-* Ravo+
-** W54-RT, see flashing notes for Siemens SE505 v1+
-* Siemens+
-** Gigaset SE505+
-Almost all the above wireless routers have at least 4MB of flash memory. All the WRT54GS models except v4.0 have 8MB of flash. Many other routers (including v5.0 of the WRT54G and WRT54GS) have only 2MB of flash memory. The "full" and "mini" versions of DD-WRT requires 4MB to install; the "micro" version requires 2MB.+If your router is not listed there, check the following wiki pages:
-[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrt54g#Hardware_revisions List of WRT54G versions and their hardware capabilities]+For a list of devices working with DD-WRT, please see '''[[Supported Devices]]'''.
 +For a list of devices '''not''' working with DD-WRT please see '''[[Known incompatible devices]]'''.
-Various other brands and models have been mentioned as supported by BrainSlayer and others in the fora. However, it's not clear (to me) if any of the readily available images will boot on those models, or if you have to ask Brainslayer for them directly, or if you have to grab the sources and build versions yourself. It would be great if someone who did know this would edit this further.+If your device is supported, you may find specific information in the [[Hardware-specific]] page for your router. However, '''to avoid [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brick_%28electronics%29 Bricking] your router''', please finish reading this entire page first. You will then want to follow what is written for your particular device.
-==Precautions for flashing==+==Which router should I buy?==
 +For a list of recommended devices for installing DD-WRT, please see '''[[Firmware FAQ#Which router should I buy?|Which router should I buy?]]'''
-Follow all instruction precisely. You will run into trouble if you don't!+==Before You Download, Upgrade, or Flash==
 +Before you try to take any actions, including loading any firmware to your router....read the English Broadcom Forum Announcement entitled [https://secure.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486 Peacock Thread] It contains more information than just for those who are having problems. '''BROADCOM ONLY INFO MOSTLY.''' Unfortunately, skipping this step leads many to brick (break) their routers.
 +Start there... do some research... then ask questions. '''Don't just load V24-Final or SP1.''' (Read the English Broadcom Forum Announcements referenced above to find out why). The user-friendly [http://www.dd-wrt.com/site/support/other-downloads?path=betas dd-wrt download page] will help you identify the correct "killer" and dd-wrt firmware versions (as applicable) for your device as needed. However, you must use the peacock thread and use the information in the [[Hardware-specific]] page to '''accurately''' identify your hardware and not create a problem that renders your router useless.
-*''' Incorrect flashing procedure can [[bricked|brick]] your router!'''+After you have read THIS page, and gotten some background on the peacock page, the [[Hardware-specific]] page may be the most useful page for you in terms of identifying your router, figuring out what files you need to download (including instructions), and figuring out the correct installation procedures.
-*''' You CANNOT flash/backup your firmware over a "https" connection!'''+
-* Firmware flashes and upgrade should be done over a '''wired''' Ethernet connection.+
-** Flashing via wireless is inherently unstable and can result in a [[bricked]] router.''+
-* Disable your anti-virus-software, as a false-positive virus detection could interrupt the upload.+
-* Disable any wireless adapters on your system to ensure that the upload goes through the wired connection!+
-* You will not have/need internet access from steps 2 through 5.+
-* We recommend you save this webpage and the webpages on how to [[Recover from a Bad Flash]] to your hard drive (File - Save Page As, '''*NOT* a bookmark'''). This will allow you to review the information offline in the event that something goes wrong.+
-==Flashing with TFTP==+==Identifying Your DD-WRT Firmware==
-This procedure must not be seen as the standard procedure for flashing: only use it when you are specifically told to do so (for example in the specific instructions for flashing your brand or type of device).+* Use the '''brand-specific information in the [[Hardware-specific]]''' page to accurately identify which model you have. Start with the main brand heading (ie, "Linksys"). Use '''that''' information - instead of just going by what model you think you have - [[User:Clock|clock]].
 +* As the peacock thread mentions, using the incorrect file is one of the worst things you can do. Fortunately, dd-wrt has simplified this immensely with their search format. Once you have identified your router accurately, you may be able to go straight to [https://secure.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv3/dd-wrt/downloads.html DD-WRT Downloads page] and find the files you need. Again, check the [[Hardware-specific]] page for links to detailed instructions that may indicate how many files you need, etc (- [[User:Clock|clock]]).
 +* Some '''newer routers''' are not supported by the latest stable release. Check the [[Supported Devices]] list for the minimum required DD-WRT version for your device. You may need to use an SVN or experimental build.
 +** For a '''comparison of the builds''', see [[Version Features]].
 +** '''Updating through the Web GUI''' (ie, the routers's online interface) means you need to use the ''_generic'' version.
 +** Use the ''_mini'' version when upgrading from '''original Linksys firmware'''. You need the ''_micro'' version if your hardware has 2 MB of flash (WRT54G v5 through v8 for instance). Use the "_mini" firmware if your hardware has 4 MB or more of flash (WRT54GL for instance). The maximum filesizes in Bytes are listed [https://secure.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486 here under '''Maximum firmware size''']. (Again, use the download page's search function for help here - [[User:Clock|clock]]).
 +* Read the [[Changelog]], the [http://svn.dd-wrt.com/timeline timeline] and all other information files on the download pages. They contain important information!
-Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used: it should be perfectly adequate for any standard situation. See that section for more information.+==Downloading Your DD-WRT Firmware==
 +See: [[Firmware_FAQ#Where_do_I_download_firmware.3F|Where do I download firmware]]
-(more info to be added here) - RoManiak 7-6-2006+=Precautions=
 +If still running OEM firmware version on an old router (usually with 2MB flash), a "kill" firmware program file may be required first. The process of installing that firmware is probably covered in the [[Hardware-specific]] page under your device. It will be similar to simply repeating the overall installation process below, but using the specific "kill" file.
-==Flashing through Web GUI==+Follow all the instructions precisely, or you may run into trouble. '''Incorrectly flashing can [[Glossary#Brick|brick]] your router!'''
-[Comment: I can't tell whether this is for the DD-WRT GUI or the Linksys GUI! I need to know in order to revise the inaccuracies either way --[[User:Jgoldberg|Jgoldberg]] 03:29, 1 May 2006 (CEST)]+
-''Note for users not using the original Linksys firmware: you cannot use tftp! Change your firmware to the official linksys firmware, and then continue below.''+
-'''1) Download firmware'''+'''NOTE:''' See [[Web_interface#Username_and_Password|Web Interface - Username and Password]] for information about valid password characters.
-* Download the latest stable release [http://dd-wrt.gruftie.com/dd-wrtv2/index.php?link=downloads HERE] or go to the DD-WRT homepage at [http://www.dd-wrt.com/]+
-* Read the changelog and all other information files on the download pages. They contain important information!+
-*'''Note:''' Use the ''mini'' version when upgrading from original Linksys firmware!+
-* If you downloaded a .zip file, then extract the archive.+
-* Confirm good download by comparing the MD5 hash fingerprint of the firmware you downloaded with published [[Hashes]].+
-'''2a) Reset to [[Factory Defaults]] through the Web GUI'''<br>+=='''Do Prior Research'''==
-''If you forgot the password or IP of your router, proceed to step 2b.''+Read the [[Firmware_FAQ|Firmware FAQ]].
-* Log into the Web GUI of the router. Type in the address of the router (default 192.168.1.1) into the address bar of your browser.+
-* You will be prompted for username and password. Username is not required (for versions >= 2006-Feb-28, username is ''root''). Enter password (default password is ''admin'') and you should be at the [[Web Interface]] of your router.+
-* Click the "Administration" tab.+
-* Click the "Factory Defaults" sub-tab.+
-* Select "Yes".+
-* Click the "Save Settings" button.+
-* A new page will open, click "continue".+
-'''2b) Reset to [[Factory Defaults]] Using the Reset Button'''<br>+#Failing to prepare and do your background research can cause considerable frustration, wasted time, and render your router useless (bricked). In other words, you may have to literally throw it away and/or spend a lot of time recovering it. With some research, you'll save hours of time and frustration.
-* Press and hold the reset button on the back of the router for 30 seconds. This will clear your NVRAM, the configuration and reset the username/password pair to ''root''/''admin''.+#It is recommended that you first read your specific device wiki, if available. For Broadcom devices read the [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486] Peacock announcement] as a pre-ARM reference.
 +#Be careful about implementation (actually flashing) on this wiki as compared to what is recommended as a guide for your router under [[Hardware-specific]]. However, reviewing this wiki will be important for overall understanding.
-'''3) Send in the Firmware!'''+=='''General'''==
-<div style='color:red;text-align:center;font-weight:bold'>It is VERY important that you do not interrupt the setup while the router is being flashed/rebooted. Do not turn off the computer, close the web browser, or turn off the router during this process!!!!! I usually just take a step back, and turn my head away so I don't breathe on it for these crucial 2 minutes.</div>+#Do not skip resets before or after firmware updates unless you know what you're doing.
-* Use Internet Explorer as the Linksys firmware has many incompatibilities with Mozilla Firefox, in particular in the firmware upgrade section.+#Do NOT flash your firmware over an SSL (HTTPS) connection. Make sure you are using HTTP.
-* Again, you should be in the Web GUI of the router. Go there now.+=='''Prepare to Go Offline'''==
-* Click the "Administration" tab+#You will not have internet access through the router during the process of replacing the firmware. You are going to do almost everything offline with a LAN connection to your router (how to [[Settings#Disable Wireless|Disable your wireless]]). Given the many types of problems you can encounter that can prohibit you from getting help, the process of reactivating and deactivating your [[Security|security settings]] if you actually can get back online, and the likelihood for browser crashes if you try to just keep the pages up, '''you will need to download everything you need before you start'''. This will allow you to review the information offline in the event that something goes wrong.
-* Click the "Firmware Upgrade" sub-tab.+#Windows Vista users may need to [[Settings#Disable Compound TCP|Disable Compound TCP]].
-* Click the "No reset" radio button (''works for me, but please double check if "Firmware Defaults" would be better!'').+#Note or screenshot the current settings for future reference, especially if you have static IP addresses.
-* Click the "Browse" button and select the DD-WRT .bin file you extracted in step 1.+## It can be essential to record your current WAN MAC address. Some ISPs do not allow an immediate change of the routing hardware without a phone call. Check the GUI and router label for the WAN MAC.
-* Click the "Upgrade" button.+# Have a secondary router or internet connection available while experimenting with your router's firmware, to expedite any trouble shooting and remove the risk of becoming stranded.
-* The router will take a few minutes to upload the file, flash the firmware, and then reset.+## If you have a cable modem which connects to your router with ethernet, you can plug your PC straight into the modem should you have any problems. Your PC will be assigned your external IP with DHCP, and you will be on the net. Remember to use a software firewall.
-* A new page will open, '''wait about 5 minutes''' before clicking "Continue".+#Recommended: PDF or save the following for offline reference e.g. ''File''->''Save As'' to html ('''NOT a bookmark''')
-* If flashed successfully you will now be at the DD-WRT web interface.+#*The installation page for your specific router as found though the [[Hardware-specific]] page.
 +#*The [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486] Peacock announcement.
 +#*This [[Installation]] wiki.
 +#*[[Recover_from_a_Bad_Flash|Recover from a Bad Flash]].
 +#*FAQs [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Index:FAQ]
 +#*Tftp Flash instruction [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Tftp_flash] if applicable. It describes how you may have to enable Tftp, which is very quick and easy (just one check box). You may need to be prepared to use Tftp even if you do not plan to use it.
 +#*The Wikipedia instructions for [[Settings# Disable Compound TCP|Compound TCP]], if applicable (Vista, etc), available at: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_TCP].
 +#In addition, you will probably also need:
 +#*The Tftp.exe file, if applicable (execute it from the Tftp [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Tftp_flash] link above, and just leave it open).
 +#*First ("killer") flash file, if applicable.
 +#*Second (DD-WRT) flash file. (In some cases, this may be the only file you need.)
-'''4) Reset to factory defaults AGAIN'''+=='''Going Offline/Before Implementation'''==
-* Repeat step 2a or 2b above. '''Note:''' Step 2b (the manual way of clearing the NVRAM) is recommended to make sure the radio gets the correct parameters.+#Do NOT use a wireless connection to GUI upload firmware. Use a wired (LAN) connection.
 +#Disable any wireless adapters (see the [[Settings#Disable Wireless|right way to do it]]) on your system to ensure that none are used for the transfer.
 +#Recommended: AFTER you are offline, disable your anti-virus software, as as a false positive detection could interrupt the upload. Disable all firewalls and security (see [[Security|Disable Security]]. Restore security measures before going back online.
-'''5) Enjoy'''+=Flashing Your Router with DD-WRT Firmware=
-* It is strongly advised that you enable the "Boot Wait" option under the "Administration" tab. This will help you recover in the future should you flash your router improperly. If you use v23 or higher the "Boot Wait" option is enabled by default.+Three methods of flashing are covered below: using the router's online interface (Method 1), via TFTP ([[#Method 2: Flashing with TFTP|Method 2]]), and with the Command Line Interface ([[#Method 3: Flashing with Command Line|Method 3]] - '''use this if wirelessly connected'''). The router model and/or location may dictate what you use.
-'''6) Something go wrong?+==Method 1: Flashing with Web GUI ==
-* If your router fails to reboot (power light doesn't stop flashing, no web interface, etc) you will need to [[Recover from a Bad Flash]]. Additional help can be found by doing a [http://forum.bsr-clan.de/search.php forum search].+These instructions are very generic. Search the wiki, [[Supported Devices]], and [https://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas DD-WRT download page] for your specific device.
-==Flashing the WRT54Gv4/WRT54GL==+#'''Reset your router'''
-Only DD-WRT versions 23 or higher will support the WRT54Gv4. Neither device supports flashing the ''std'' or ''voip'' versions of DD-WRT from the original Linksys firmware (Linksys limited the maximum firmware size to 3 MBytes). Therefore, only the MINI version of DD-WRT can be flashed initially. Once DD-WRT ''mini'' is installed, you can upgrade to ''std'' or ''voip'' versions. When using the Web GUI, use the *_generic.bin types when upgrading. If the Web GUI is unavailable, use tftp in combination with the special *_wrt54g.bin files. Remember to reset to factory defaults before '''and''' after every flashing.+##This is probably not needed, but if the memory or nvram is almost full, a firmware update can brick it. Thus it is recommended at least until are familiar with the particular device.
 +##See [[Reset And Reboot]] and note the default IP address. If not listed on the router label see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]
 +##Perform a GUI reset (''Administration''->''[[Factory Defaults]]'' in DD-WRT) or use an alternate method:
 +##*[[Hard reset or 30/30/30|Hard reset]]. <font color=darkred>WARNING: some devices should not use 30/30/30, including all ARM devices.</font>
 +##*Reset button: with the router running normally, hold the reset button until the lights flash (or up to 30 sec). Be careful when using this method! Research the functionality of your current firmware to be safe.)
 +#'''Log in to the Web GUI'''
 +##Javascript is required for the Web interface. Try a different browser if having issues.
 +##Access the GUI via the router IP address. The default for DD-WRT and many devices is [192.168.1.1], or see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]. If the IP address is unknown, see [[Obtaining Router IP]]. If still having issues, [[Hard_reset_or_30/30/30#Erasing_NVRAM|erase the nvram]].
 +## You will be prompted for username and password. (If your router already has a DD-WRT versions starting with 2006-Feb-28, the default username is ''root''. Prior versions have a blank username by default. For Linksys firmware, the default username can be left blank or set to anything. For both DD-WRT and Linksys firmware, the default password is ''admin''. Search online for other defaults on other routers).
 +#'''Upload the Firmware'''
 +##'''NOTE:''' Multiple flashes may be needed if flashing from OEM firmware. See the [[Firmware_FAQ#Where_do_I_download_firmware.3F|FAQ download file details]].
 +## '''WARNING:<span style="color:#FF0000">DO NOT interrupt the setup while the router is being flashed and rebooted. Do not turn off the computer, close the web browser, or turn off the router during this process!'''</span>
 +##This section is written for the DD-WRT GUI. An OEM firmware interface will be different. See [[#Precautions|Precautions]].
 +### Click the "Administration"->"Firmware Upgrade" tab.
 +###Optional: select the option to Reset to Defaults after flashing (NOTE: this can cause flashing issues)
 +###Click the "Browse" button and select the DD-WRT .bin file you downloaded and confirmed.
 +###Click the "Upgrade" button and wait for a redirect page confirming successful upload.
 +###Now '''<font color=red>wait at least 5 minutes</font>''' before clicking "Continue". This varies with the hardware.
 +### If flashed successfully you will now be able to access the DD-WRT web interface at [192.168.1.1].
 +#'''Reset Again'''
 +##Do this '''only''' after you have confirmed that the firmware upgrade is working.
 +##'''This is required if flashing from OEM firmware!''' See the above section again.
 +##For DD-WRT upgrades, this should only be needed if making large build jumps, changing kernel version (e.g. 2.4 to 2.6 or 2.6 to 3.10), or if having issues. For the latter, reset, retest, and then search the forum before making a new post.
 +#'''Possible Errors with Uploading Firmware'''
 +##If the DD-WRT web interface is not accessible after 10 minutes, try clearing the browser cache, renewing the IP address ("ipconfig -renew" in a Windows command prompt window), another reset, or power cycle.
 +##Ping the router: a TTL=64 response indicates normal operation, while TTL=100 usually indicates a TFTP server awaiting firmware upload. TFTP usually only is available in the first couple seconds at power-up, and may time out if the file upload is larger than OEM versions. See [[Tftp_flash]], and note only OEM firmware may work for TFTP, possible trailed builds.
 +##Search the forum, wiki, [[Supported Devices]], and [https://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas DD-WRT download page] for your specific device.
 +##The firmware upload process may respond with "Upload Failed" if using the wrong file type, kernel, or size of DD-WRT (or may just brick). E.g. This may occur through the web GUI if you use a *wrt54g.bin version when you should have selected the generic version. It may also be that your router requires the mini version to be flashed ''before'' the full version. Ensure you have the right version, as described in the first section.
 +##See [[Recover from a Bad Flash]] or try a different internet browser to upload the firmware.
 +##If logging in fails with the default username/password, reset again.
-[[WRT54G v4 Installation Tutorial]] (with lots of images)+==Method 2: Flashing with TFTP==
 +TFTP is generally a safe method to flash many routers. However, it is not preferred method for flashing most devices. In the [[Hardware-specific]] section you may be advised to use this method if it is the preferred or only method for your brand or type of device. Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used, as it is adequate for the vast majority of standard situations, but refer to the [[Hardware-specific]] section to be sure.
-==Flashing the WRT54GSv4==+Tftp is easy: if often requires one quick box uncheck and a quick click - then you are good to go. It is great for instances when web GUI malfunctions or the router appears to be (but is not) bricked.
-The WRT54GSv4 does not support flashing the std or voip version of DD-WRT from the original Linksys firmware, because they limited the maximum firmware size to 3 MByte (as noted below). '''Use only the mini version of DD-WRT for the WRT54GSv4 on the initial flash load. Failure to due so may cause the upgrade to abort.''' Afterwards you can upgrade to the std or voip versions of the firmware through the web-interface of DD-WRT. Interestingly after flashing 4 WRTGSv4 routers with the "v4mini" flash rom, I had to use the file for WRT54GS '''without''' v4 for upgrading to std / voip, else the update would abort with "Upgrade are failed". Remember to reset to factory defaults before and after every flashing. *NOTE* At least this true of the most current (27.10.05-dd-wrt.v23.beta2) rom.+
-''[Comment added 11/01/06 by bigbloke of cownet.org]''+If you still wish to flash with TFTP, see the articles [[TFTP flash]], [[Asus TFTP Flash]] and [[Recover from a Bad Flash#Recovering with TFTP|Recovering with TFTP]].
-Today I purchased a 'GS V4 not having read this note previously. It flashed V23 standard perfectly first time from the specific file (dd-wrt.v23_wrt54gsv4.bin) therefore there may be some additional factors influencing this) - I hope this is useful feedback+
-''[Comment added 12/01/06 by Mart]''+==Method 3: Flashing with Command Line==
-I just purchased a GS V4 too. After reading bigbloke's note, i decided to try skip the warning and directly flash V23 VPN from the (dd-wrt.v23_vpn_generic.bin) file without any problems too. I simply followed the "right way to flash" instructions step by step. Looks like the warning mentioned above does not apply with this version.+This is only available on routers that already have DD-WRT installed and Telnet/SSH enabled. It is the *ONLY* recommended method to upgrade the router ''wirelessly'' because the file is transferred from the DD-WRT servers to the router and the checksum is verified to ensure that the file is not corrupt. Other flashing methods transfer the file from your PC to the router (which would go over the wireless which is not as reliable) and do nothing to verify that the file is not corrupted.
 +'''NOTE: Builds after 47381 do not have ftp support compiled in to busybox wget; use curl intead.'''
-''[Comment added 18/01/06 by Macks]''+First [[Telnet/SSH and the Command Line|Telnet or ssh]] into DD-WRT.
-I can second the above, just flashed a GSv4 from Linksys original and used dd-wrt.v23_vpn_wrt54gsv4.bin without problems, directly without going via the mini.+
-''[Comment added 22/01/06 by JD]''+'''1a.''' Download the firmware to the router's /tmp directory with wget (http or ftp), curl (http or ftp), scp, or a mounted share.
-I can confirm the statement from Macks. Two days ago I bought also a 'GS v4' and I flashed it with the v23 standard without problems (directly without going via the mini)+<pre>cd /tmp
 +wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}</pre>
 +Or:
 +<pre>curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}</pre>
 +*The ''{platform}'' refers to architecture or router model and version. See [[#Downloading_Your_DD-WRT_Firmware]] for details.
-''[Comment added 19/02/06 by markusk]''+Note: To download from login/password protected sites (like BS' ftp for testers), use the following syntax:
-and i did it that way as well and after that got the weirdest behaviour of a router i've ever seen, mainly giving something like unstable wan-connection by going with high traffic over the router (be it via bittorrent, icq-filetransfers and similar).. unfortunately reflashing with mini and then a "big" one didn't help at all..+<pre>wget ftp://{login}:{password}@{download location}/{firmware}</pre>
 +Or:
 +<pre>curl -u {login}:{password} ftp://{download location}/{firmware} -o {firmware}</pre>
-''[Comment added 28/02/06 by mfb]''+'''1b.''' ''Optional:'' [[Hashes|Compare the MD5 checksum]] ['''obsolete'''] of the original and the downloaded file.<br>
-Like Macks I flashed my 'GS v4' with v23 vpn direct, without mini first - working fine, no problems.+*For modern builds, one can also download the file to another directory (or device) and check the md5sum for both downloads:
 + md5sum {firmware}
-''[Comment added 05/03/06 by PhoneBoy]''+'''2.''' Now ''write'' the firmware to flash ('''do NOT''' use ''mtd write''):
-On my WRT54GSv3, I found that the device wouldn't take ANY firmware unless I reset it using the button rather than just factory reset from the web interface. Word of warning.+ write {firmware} linux &
 +*The ampersand backgrounds the ''write'' command to protect against connection loss, as the shell would otherwise abort it.
-''[Comment added 10/03/06 by JoE]''+Note: some routers can have more than one firmware partition: e.g. ''linux'' and ''linux2''
-At the time of this writing, the current version of '''Mozilla Firefox will cause your installation to fail''' when trying to upgrade firmware (dd-wrt.v23_mini_wrt54g.bin, dd-wrt.v23_generic.bin, dd-wrt.v23_wrt54g.bin) using the web interface. I used the current version of Internet Explorer with no problems. Additionally, if your '''power button keeps flashing''' and/or you '''cannot reach/ping 192.168.1.1''' after a reset, unplug and plug in the power cord real quick. Wait a few seconds and then everything is hunky dory.+*For an example on how to check and switch boot partitions, see [[Linksys_EA6900#Boot_Partitions|here]].
-''[Comment added 09/04/06 by zonk]''+'''3.''' ''Optional:'' Reset nvram (if having issues or for large version changes) via ''erase nvram'' '''or''' ''nvram erase''
-I also can confirm the above statements of flashing two fresh bought WRT54GS v4 routers using the vpn version (v23) instead of the mini version. I used Firefox 1.5 and Opera 7.5 without any failed message. Both routers run stable.+The latter is for builds after 18 Apr 2018 (35770 and later). See [[Hard_reset_or_30/30/30#Erasing_NVRAM|Erasing NVRAM]] for details.
-''[Comment added 04/06/06 by [http://www.motiwala.com Yusuf Motiwala]]''+'''4.''' When completed without error, finally:
-I too can confirm that it can be upgraded directly to standard version. Even after reading this, I experimented upgrading my WRT54GSv4 directly with v23 SP1 standard image without any problem. May be stated limitation is firmware version dependent. At the time of upgrade, my linksys stock firmware version was 1.5.2.+ reboot
-==Flashing the WRT54G(S) Version 5==+==Other Notes==
-[[Flash Your Version 5 WRT54G]]+=== Upgrading to a Newer Version of DD-WRT ===
 +If DD-WRT is already installed on your router, you can simply upgrade to a new version via the web interface or [[Tftp_flash|TFTP]]. However, it is highly recommended that you restore the router to defaults using the reset button before ''and'' after flash. Never restore old backups from previous versions! Skipping these steps could lead to a bricked device!
-==Flashing the Buffalo WHR-G54S and WHR-HP-G54==+===If you can't wget the firmware===
 +'''NOTE:'''On routers without OpenSSL (e.g. 4MB models), the https link won't work: use HTTP or FTP.
-Use only v23 SP1 final or later. Older releases may cause trouble!+If you don't ordinarily use DNSmasq for local DNS (perhaps because you run another DNS server), then the CLI commands may not be able to resolve addresses, so wget may fail. This can be hard to troubleshoot since the busybox commands don't return errors. Possible workarounds:
-# For thoroughness, reset to factory defaults by holding the reset button while plugging in the router. Hold for '''at least''' 30 seconds. Unplug the router.+* Enable DNSmasq just while getting the file
-# Connect your computer directly to one of the LAN ports on the router.+<pre>
-# Because the Buffalo starts up with 192.168.11.1, your IP needs to be something in the 192.168.11.0/24 subnet (e.g. 192.168.11.2, mask 255.255.255.0). You will have to set a static IP. For Windows XP, the following screen shots should help. After selecting "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)," click on the properties button to open the next screen. Then enter the info as shown and click OK. I had to leave Default Gateway '''blank''', otherwise I could not even ping my buffalo - shown '''wrong''' in image. [[Image:LAN_Properties.jpg|frame]]+nvram set dns_dnsmasq=1
-# Prepare to send the firmware by typing the TFTP command into a command window. Go to Start->Run->"cmd" and Enter.+stopservice dnsmasq
-# Change your directory to the folder containing the firmware image. (Ex. <code>cd C:C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Desktop</code>+startservice dnsmasq
-# Type <code>tftp -i 192.168.11.1 PUT (file name of firmware image)</code> like: <code>tftp -i 192.168.11.1 PUT dd-wrt.v23_generic.bin</code>. '''Do not press enter yet.''' +nvram set dns_dnsmasq=0
-# Connect the power to the Buffalo.+
-# All port LEDs will illuminate.+
-# After a few seconds, all LEDs except the one you are connected to will turn off. This is when you must immediately hit enter to execute the command.+
-# The LED on the LAN port will flash rapidly for about 6 seconds. The command will complete with a success printout.+
-# Power cycle the router. (unplug the power, wait a few seconds, plug it back in).+
-# [For some versions] After it boots back up, the router will be accessible on 192.168.1.1. You will need to change your IP to this range to access it for configuration.+
-# The username is 'root' and the password is 'admin'+
- +
-'''TFTP instructions for Linux or OS X'''+
-# In Linux/OS X first, execute the tftp and change the mode to binary. Then, type out but don't execute the "connect 192.168.11.1" command. Then, using a text editor, or this web page, copy (crtl+c) the PUT command. Then, as soon as the LEDs go off on all ports except the connected port, hit enter on the connect command and then immediatly paste (crtl+v) the PUT command and hit enter. You may be able to execute multiple commands using && operator.+
-<pre>tftp+
-tftp> binary+
-tftp> connect 192.168.11.1+
-tftp> status+
-Connected to 192.168.11.1.+
-Mode: octet Verbose: off Tracing: off+
-Rexmt-interval: 5 seconds, Max-timeout: 25 seconds+
-tftp> put /path/to/dd-wrt.v23_mini_generic.bin+
</pre> </pre>
 +* Use nslookup on another host to get the IP address of ftp.dd-wrt.com, then download from <pre>ftp://<ip>/<path></pre>
 +** Note: HTTP won't work (the download1 vhost needs the "Host" header to give you the file, and the stripped-down DD-WRT wget doesn't have the --header option).
-'''An alternative tftp command for Linux (use either this one or the sequence above, but not both):'''+* You can optionally use the following workaround as well:
<pre> <pre>
-tftp 192.168.11.1 -m binary -c put dd-wrt.v23_generic.bin+cd /tmp
 +echo "nameserver {ip of your local nameserver / gateway router}" > /tmp/resolv.conf
 +wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}</pre>
 +OR
 +<pre>
 +curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}
</pre> </pre>
-Note: OS X's built-in tftp comman does not support this one command shot+OR
- +
- +
-# Type in the last line (don't hit enter yet!), power on the router, wait for the LED's to turn off, ''then'' hit <ENTER>.+
-* The 'status' command is a bit misleading in this sense. The router should actually be powered off at this point.+
- +
-'''Limitations/Notes'''+
-* Once you flash to DD-WRT on the Buffalo WHR-G54S/WHR-HP-G54, and you for whatever reason want to flash back to the Buffalo firmware, then contact [http://forum.bsr-clan.de/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&u=486 BrainSlayer.] He will supply you with a flashable originial Buffalo firmware. +
-* A hidden LED behind the front panel will blink. It slightly lights up the bridge icon. This LED is not used in the Buffalo firmware, but in DD-WRT it will flash on for 2 seconds, then off for 2 seconds.+
-* In firmware v23 SP1 [[2006]]-[[03-27]] through [[2006]]-[[04-28]] (and maybe later versions), the router will restart with IP 192.168.1.1.+
-* It is not necessary to use the two-step flash process as with the WRT54Gs. The Buffalo will accept the entire image in one shot.+
-* For subsequent upgrades/downgrades of DD-WRT, use the web interface of DD-WRT. See [[#Steps to Flash Through Web GUI|Steps to Flash Through Web GUI]]. +
-** It is important to "Reset to Factory Defaults" before and after flashing new firmware to prevent odd cases where the router could be bricked. Hold reset button for at least 30 seconds while powering on for the most complete "Reset to Factory Defaults".+
- +
-'''Additional to WHR-HP-G54 - Changing boardflags'''+
-*Telnet to router +
-*Enter the following commands+
-<pre>nvram show | grep boardflags +
-boardflags=0x1758+
- +
-~ #+
-</pre>+
-*if you have 0x1758, change it to 0x2758 +
-*Use this code:+
- +
<pre> <pre>
-nvram set boardflags=0x2758 +curl --ipv4 http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} --output {firmware}
-nvram commit +
-reboot +
</pre> </pre>
-*This setting appears to turn on a feature on the HP receive side, dramatically increasing receive capability.+===Configuration Notes===
-*This feature is not saved with the GUI Backup, so must be redone after every instance of going to default.+* You must start to configure router from scratch. Do not try to use config files from older firmware versions.
- +
-'''Troubleshooting'''+
-* If you experience problems a switch between the Buffalo and your PC may help.+
-* If you experience problems, you may need to erase NVRAM by starting a Telnet session and entering one (or both?) of the following Options:+
-* Option 1 :+
-<pre>mtd erase nvram</pre>+
-* Option 2 : (taken from [http://wiki.openwrt.org/Faq#head-71cacf8460752af3f5771d2fae54923ded5beb9c OpenWrt FAQ])+
-<pre>cd /tmp+
-wget http://openwrt.inf.fh-brs.de/~nbd/nvram-clean.sh+
-chmod a+x /tmp/nvram-clean.sh+
-/tmp/nvram-clean.sh+
-nvram commit+
-</pre>+
-* Search for posts in the forum containing "WHR-G54S" and the problem you are having.+
-** If you have bricked the router, go to the [http://forum.bsr-clan.de forums]. search for "WHR-G54S bricked". There are enough debricking threads, you don't need to start your own.+
- +
-==Flashing Other Buffalo devices==+
-[[Flash Your Buffalo WBR-G54, WLA-G54, ...]]+
-also includes ''' WBR2-G54, WBR2-G54S'''+
- +
-==Flashing the Asus WL500G Deluxe==+
-* Remove the power connector of the WL500G.+
-* While holding the reset button, plug the power connector back in.+
-* When the power led flashes, release the reset button. The router now is in recovery mode.+
-* Wait for your pc to get an ip address (if dhcp is configured)+
-* Use the ASUS recovery utility to upload the DD-WRT ''trx'' file.+
- +
-You can get the utilities [http://dlsvr03.asus.com/pub/ASUS/wireless/WL-500g-03/Eng_1380.zip here], or you can browse the Asus site to download the latest version.<br>+
-<br>+
-In case you have multiple network interfaces and are unable to find you router, disable all but the one that is connected to your router.<br>+
-<br>+
-After the upgrade the router reboots and you should be able to access the web interface<br>+
-<br>+
-SSD: For my new WL-500g Deluxe, the recovery utility would appear to successfully upload the firmware (v23), but then I could not get it to boot... even after waiting several minutes and power cycling. The unit would also be unresponsive to ping requests. I could always successfully reload the original Asus firmware. TFTP methods were unsuccessful altogether, as TFTP never seemed to establish contact with the router. Finally, I was able to boot DD-WRT by first flashing with OpenWRT (White Russian rc4), then using OpenWRT's firmware upload page to flash with DD-WRT.<br>+
-LFR : Upgrade was done out of the box with .trx file & worked straight, no need for recovery mode<br>+
-MrO: Does this also work on the WL-500g Premium?+
-TTSherpa: Yes it does. No problen going back an forth the original FW & dd-wrt+
- +
-==Flashing the Siemens SE505==+
- +
-BrainSlayer said: "DD-WRT v23 (starting from 27/10/05 version) does now officially support the Siemens Gigaset SE505 router. That means you can use the very latest features like WPA2 on this unit too. Due the limited ram of this unit, you cannot use all features at the same time, but from the base it is much better than the original firmware for this Router" +
- +
- +
-For flashing the Siemens Gigaset SE505, you have to use the dd-wrt.v23_mini_generic.bin+
-with boot tftp on 192.168.2.1+
-since the Siemens default settings do not fit to the Linksys/dd-wrt ones you have additionally+
-to check your configuration details after flashing.+
- +
-(From BrainSlayer's note in hwsupport.txt)+
- +
- +
-In [http://dd-wrt.gruftie.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/index.php?path=dd-wrt.v23%2F&download=changelog.txt changelog.txt], the last entry about the SE505 mentions, that the version2 was bricked:+
- 15.11.2005:+
- 0000161 No gzip in 14.11.2005 ?????+
- 0000167 ipkg broken in V23b 14-11-05+
- 0000168 DD-wrt v23 B2 141105 SE505 v2 bricked+
- ...+
- +
-Could someone give more info about the issue or tell us if dd-wrt has been installed succesfully on any version 2 device?+
- +
------+
-01.mai.2006. +
-I successfully flashed a se505 v2(S30853-S1006-R107-3) with the v23_micro sp1_4.25.06 only the browser buttons on "administration|management" are not working. WDS with WEP is running well at the moment with 2 other WRT54 V23. Other things not tested yet.with v23sp1_04.28.06 buttons on basic-setup are not working - so no adjustment on ip possible. ddt3 at gmx dot net.+
------+
-02.mai.2006. +
-Even with v23sp1_2006 micro - 0501 buttons on "administration|management" are still not working. WPA as a AP seems not to work on my se505v2. With wrt54gl V23 it works for reference with my notebook yakumo quicklan USB54 XP-generic-setup. If you flash a new fw with tftp somtimes it apears as 192.168.0.your setup and sometimes as 192.168.1.1 an 192.168.2.1. So change your IP to a suitable subnet and search with ping. ddt3 at gmx dot net.+
-----+
-08.mai.2006. +
-Firmware: DD-WRT v23 SP1-RC1 (05/07/06) micro with se505 v2(S30853-S1006-R107-3) works fine now. all the problems from 1+2.mai2006 are solved so far i see in this short time. ddt3 at gmx dot net.+
-----+
-09.mai.2006.+
-update: wpa-psk and wpa2-psk ist not working with my constelation. i flashed back to the orig. siemens_de_3.02.03 fw. with this wpa-psk is running well with orig. xp setup and with yakumo setup - so seems to be a fw problem ddt3 at gmx dot net.+
-----+
-12.mai.2006.+
-after updating to "dd-wrt.v23 SP1/RC2/micro" wpa-psk and wpa2-psk works with my pc! ddt3 at gmx dot net.+
-----+
-18.mai.2006 with DD-WRT v23 SP1 Final (05/16/06) micro (generic) it works also fine. If the se505v2 dont accept the new parameter after press the save button try to switch off the siemens for a moment and restart your browser (be sure to close all your browser windows).ddt3 at gmx dot net.+
-----+
-9.june.2006 will the SE515 be supported?+
- +
-'''Related Links'''+
-* [http://wireless.subsignal.org/index.php/Konfiguration_(Siemens) Howto install Freifunk (OLSR) Firmware on the SE505]+* It is strongly advised that you do not disable the "Boot Wait" option under the "Administration" tab. Boot Wait allows you recover if you flash your router improperly.
-* [http://www.dslrouter-hilfe.de/home/siemens-reset.php Reset to Default Firmware]+
-* [http://icm-km5.erlm.siemens.de/SRVS/CGI-BIN/webisapi.dll/,/?St=10,E=0000000000011802487,K=7355,Sxi=16,Case=obj(1897) Reset to Default Firmware2(pdf)]+
-* [http://wiki.opennet-initiative.de/index.php/Siemens_SE505 Differences between SE505 version 1 and 2]+
 +===If something goes wrong===
 +* If your router fails to reboot (power light doesn't stop flashing, no web interface, etc) you will need to [[Recover from a Bad Flash]]. Additional help can be found by doing a [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/search.php forum search].
 +*The peacock thread's section on bricked routers ([http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486]) can help you to identify if you have a real problem or not.
-==Flashing the Motorola WR850G== 
-[[Flash Your Motorola WR850G]] 
-[[Category:English documentation]]+[[Category:Documentation| ]]
 +[[Category:Flashing networking hardware| ]]
 +[[Category:Categories| ]]

Current revision

Installing DD-WRT on a router in most cases is almost as simple as installing a program onto your computer. However, doing it incorrectly can leave you with a router that you have to throw away. Installing programs on a router, known as firmware, are achieved by a method called flashing. This article helps you determine which installation process is for you on your supported router, as well as giving router suggestions and information about flashing each one.


Contents

[edit] Choosing the Correct Firmware - Extremely Important

[edit] Is Your Router Supported?

Please check the router database first.

If your router is not listed there, check the following wiki pages:

For a list of devices working with DD-WRT, please see Supported Devices.

For a list of devices not working with DD-WRT please see Known incompatible devices.

If your device is supported, you may find specific information in the Hardware-specific page for your router. However, to avoid Bricking your router, please finish reading this entire page first. You will then want to follow what is written for your particular device.

[edit] Which router should I buy?

For a list of recommended devices for installing DD-WRT, please see Which router should I buy?

[edit] Before You Download, Upgrade, or Flash

Before you try to take any actions, including loading any firmware to your router....read the English Broadcom Forum Announcement entitled Peacock Thread It contains more information than just for those who are having problems. BROADCOM ONLY INFO MOSTLY. Unfortunately, skipping this step leads many to brick (break) their routers.

Start there... do some research... then ask questions. Don't just load V24-Final or SP1. (Read the English Broadcom Forum Announcements referenced above to find out why). The user-friendly dd-wrt download page will help you identify the correct "killer" and dd-wrt firmware versions (as applicable) for your device as needed. However, you must use the peacock thread and use the information in the Hardware-specific page to accurately identify your hardware and not create a problem that renders your router useless.

After you have read THIS page, and gotten some background on the peacock page, the Hardware-specific page may be the most useful page for you in terms of identifying your router, figuring out what files you need to download (including instructions), and figuring out the correct installation procedures.

[edit] Identifying Your DD-WRT Firmware

  • Use the brand-specific information in the Hardware-specific page to accurately identify which model you have. Start with the main brand heading (ie, "Linksys"). Use that information - instead of just going by what model you think you have - clock.
  • As the peacock thread mentions, using the incorrect file is one of the worst things you can do. Fortunately, dd-wrt has simplified this immensely with their search format. Once you have identified your router accurately, you may be able to go straight to DD-WRT Downloads page and find the files you need. Again, check the Hardware-specific page for links to detailed instructions that may indicate how many files you need, etc (- clock).
  • Some newer routers are not supported by the latest stable release. Check the Supported Devices list for the minimum required DD-WRT version for your device. You may need to use an SVN or experimental build.
    • For a comparison of the builds, see Version Features.
    • Updating through the Web GUI (ie, the routers's online interface) means you need to use the _generic version.
    • Use the _mini version when upgrading from original Linksys firmware. You need the _micro version if your hardware has 2 MB of flash (WRT54G v5 through v8 for instance). Use the "_mini" firmware if your hardware has 4 MB or more of flash (WRT54GL for instance). The maximum filesizes in Bytes are listed here under Maximum firmware size. (Again, use the download page's search function for help here - clock).
  • Read the Changelog, the timeline and all other information files on the download pages. They contain important information!

[edit] Downloading Your DD-WRT Firmware

See: Where do I download firmware

[edit] Precautions

If still running OEM firmware version on an old router (usually with 2MB flash), a "kill" firmware program file may be required first. The process of installing that firmware is probably covered in the Hardware-specific page under your device. It will be similar to simply repeating the overall installation process below, but using the specific "kill" file.

Follow all the instructions precisely, or you may run into trouble. Incorrectly flashing can brick your router!

NOTE: See Web Interface - Username and Password for information about valid password characters.

[edit] Do Prior Research

Read the Firmware FAQ.

  1. Failing to prepare and do your background research can cause considerable frustration, wasted time, and render your router useless (bricked). In other words, you may have to literally throw it away and/or spend a lot of time recovering it. With some research, you'll save hours of time and frustration.
  2. It is recommended that you first read your specific device wiki, if available. For Broadcom devices read the [1] Peacock announcement] as a pre-ARM reference.
  3. Be careful about implementation (actually flashing) on this wiki as compared to what is recommended as a guide for your router under Hardware-specific. However, reviewing this wiki will be important for overall understanding.

[edit] General

  1. Do not skip resets before or after firmware updates unless you know what you're doing.
  2. Do NOT flash your firmware over an SSL (HTTPS) connection. Make sure you are using HTTP.

[edit] Prepare to Go Offline

  1. You will not have internet access through the router during the process of replacing the firmware. You are going to do almost everything offline with a LAN connection to your router (how to Disable your wireless). Given the many types of problems you can encounter that can prohibit you from getting help, the process of reactivating and deactivating your security settings if you actually can get back online, and the likelihood for browser crashes if you try to just keep the pages up, you will need to download everything you need before you start. This will allow you to review the information offline in the event that something goes wrong.
  2. Windows Vista users may need to Disable Compound TCP.
  3. Note or screenshot the current settings for future reference, especially if you have static IP addresses.
    1. It can be essential to record your current WAN MAC address. Some ISPs do not allow an immediate change of the routing hardware without a phone call. Check the GUI and router label for the WAN MAC.
  4. Have a secondary router or internet connection available while experimenting with your router's firmware, to expedite any trouble shooting and remove the risk of becoming stranded.
    1. If you have a cable modem which connects to your router with ethernet, you can plug your PC straight into the modem should you have any problems. Your PC will be assigned your external IP with DHCP, and you will be on the net. Remember to use a software firewall.
  5. Recommended: PDF or save the following for offline reference e.g. File->Save As to html (NOT a bookmark)
    • The installation page for your specific router as found though the Hardware-specific page.
    • The [2] Peacock announcement.
    • This Installation wiki.
    • Recover from a Bad Flash.
    • FAQs [3]
    • Tftp Flash instruction [4] if applicable. It describes how you may have to enable Tftp, which is very quick and easy (just one check box). You may need to be prepared to use Tftp even if you do not plan to use it.
    • The Wikipedia instructions for Compound TCP, if applicable (Vista, etc), available at: [5].
  6. In addition, you will probably also need:
    • The Tftp.exe file, if applicable (execute it from the Tftp [6] link above, and just leave it open).
    • First ("killer") flash file, if applicable.
    • Second (DD-WRT) flash file. (In some cases, this may be the only file you need.)

[edit] Going Offline/Before Implementation

  1. Do NOT use a wireless connection to GUI upload firmware. Use a wired (LAN) connection.
  2. Disable any wireless adapters (see the right way to do it) on your system to ensure that none are used for the transfer.
  3. Recommended: AFTER you are offline, disable your anti-virus software, as as a false positive detection could interrupt the upload. Disable all firewalls and security (see Disable Security. Restore security measures before going back online.

[edit] Flashing Your Router with DD-WRT Firmware

Three methods of flashing are covered below: using the router's online interface (Method 1), via TFTP (Method 2), and with the Command Line Interface (Method 3 - use this if wirelessly connected). The router model and/or location may dictate what you use.

[edit] Method 1: Flashing with Web GUI

These instructions are very generic. Search the wiki, Supported Devices, and DD-WRT download page for your specific device.

  1. Reset your router
    1. This is probably not needed, but if the memory or nvram is almost full, a firmware update can brick it. Thus it is recommended at least until are familiar with the particular device.
    2. See Reset And Reboot and note the default IP address. If not listed on the router label see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]
    3. Perform a GUI reset (Administration->Factory Defaults in DD-WRT) or use an alternate method:
      • Hard reset. WARNING: some devices should not use 30/30/30, including all ARM devices.
      • Reset button: with the router running normally, hold the reset button until the lights flash (or up to 30 sec). Be careful when using this method! Research the functionality of your current firmware to be safe.)
  2. Log in to the Web GUI
    1. Javascript is required for the Web interface. Try a different browser if having issues.
    2. Access the GUI via the router IP address. The default for DD-WRT and many devices is [192.168.1.1], or see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]. If the IP address is unknown, see Obtaining Router IP. If still having issues, erase the nvram.
    3. You will be prompted for username and password. (If your router already has a DD-WRT versions starting with 2006-Feb-28, the default username is root. Prior versions have a blank username by default. For Linksys firmware, the default username can be left blank or set to anything. For both DD-WRT and Linksys firmware, the default password is admin. Search online for other defaults on other routers).
  3. Upload the Firmware
    1. NOTE: Multiple flashes may be needed if flashing from OEM firmware. See the FAQ download file details.
    2. WARNING:DO NOT interrupt the setup while the router is being flashed and rebooted. Do not turn off the computer, close the web browser, or turn off the router during this process!
    3. This section is written for the DD-WRT GUI. An OEM firmware interface will be different. See Precautions.
      1. Click the "Administration"->"Firmware Upgrade" tab.
      2. Optional: select the option to Reset to Defaults after flashing (NOTE: this can cause flashing issues)
      3. Click the "Browse" button and select the DD-WRT .bin file you downloaded and confirmed.
      4. Click the "Upgrade" button and wait for a redirect page confirming successful upload.
      5. Now wait at least 5 minutes before clicking "Continue". This varies with the hardware.
      6. If flashed successfully you will now be able to access the DD-WRT web interface at [192.168.1.1].
  4. Reset Again
    1. Do this only after you have confirmed that the firmware upgrade is working.
    2. This is required if flashing from OEM firmware! See the above section again.
    3. For DD-WRT upgrades, this should only be needed if making large build jumps, changing kernel version (e.g. 2.4 to 2.6 or 2.6 to 3.10), or if having issues. For the latter, reset, retest, and then search the forum before making a new post.
  5. Possible Errors with Uploading Firmware
    1. If the DD-WRT web interface is not accessible after 10 minutes, try clearing the browser cache, renewing the IP address ("ipconfig -renew" in a Windows command prompt window), another reset, or power cycle.
    2. Ping the router: a TTL=64 response indicates normal operation, while TTL=100 usually indicates a TFTP server awaiting firmware upload. TFTP usually only is available in the first couple seconds at power-up, and may time out if the file upload is larger than OEM versions. See Tftp_flash, and note only OEM firmware may work for TFTP, possible trailed builds.
    3. Search the forum, wiki, Supported Devices, and DD-WRT download page for your specific device.
    4. The firmware upload process may respond with "Upload Failed" if using the wrong file type, kernel, or size of DD-WRT (or may just brick). E.g. This may occur through the web GUI if you use a *wrt54g.bin version when you should have selected the generic version. It may also be that your router requires the mini version to be flashed before the full version. Ensure you have the right version, as described in the first section.
    5. See Recover from a Bad Flash or try a different internet browser to upload the firmware.
    6. If logging in fails with the default username/password, reset again.

[edit] Method 2: Flashing with TFTP

TFTP is generally a safe method to flash many routers. However, it is not preferred method for flashing most devices. In the Hardware-specific section you may be advised to use this method if it is the preferred or only method for your brand or type of device. Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used, as it is adequate for the vast majority of standard situations, but refer to the Hardware-specific section to be sure.

Tftp is easy: if often requires one quick box uncheck and a quick click - then you are good to go. It is great for instances when web GUI malfunctions or the router appears to be (but is not) bricked.

If you still wish to flash with TFTP, see the articles TFTP flash, Asus TFTP Flash and Recovering with TFTP.

[edit] Method 3: Flashing with Command Line

This is only available on routers that already have DD-WRT installed and Telnet/SSH enabled. It is the *ONLY* recommended method to upgrade the router wirelessly because the file is transferred from the DD-WRT servers to the router and the checksum is verified to ensure that the file is not corrupt. Other flashing methods transfer the file from your PC to the router (which would go over the wireless which is not as reliable) and do nothing to verify that the file is not corrupted. NOTE: Builds after 47381 do not have ftp support compiled in to busybox wget; use curl intead.

First Telnet or ssh into DD-WRT.

1a. Download the firmware to the router's /tmp directory with wget (http or ftp), curl (http or ftp), scp, or a mounted share.

cd /tmp
wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}

Or:

curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}

Note: To download from login/password protected sites (like BS' ftp for testers), use the following syntax:

wget ftp://{login}:{password}@{download location}/{firmware}

Or:

curl -u {login}:{password} ftp://{download location}/{firmware} -o {firmware}

1b. Optional: Compare the MD5 checksum [obsolete] of the original and the downloaded file.

  • For modern builds, one can also download the file to another directory (or device) and check the md5sum for both downloads:
md5sum {firmware}

2. Now write the firmware to flash (do NOT use mtd write):

write {firmware} linux &
  • The ampersand backgrounds the write command to protect against connection loss, as the shell would otherwise abort it.

Note: some routers can have more than one firmware partition: e.g. linux and linux2

  • For an example on how to check and switch boot partitions, see here.

3. Optional: Reset nvram (if having issues or for large version changes) via erase nvram or nvram erase The latter is for builds after 18 Apr 2018 (35770 and later). See Erasing NVRAM for details.

4. When completed without error, finally:

reboot

[edit] Other Notes

[edit] Upgrading to a Newer Version of DD-WRT

If DD-WRT is already installed on your router, you can simply upgrade to a new version via the web interface or TFTP. However, it is highly recommended that you restore the router to defaults using the reset button before and after flash. Never restore old backups from previous versions! Skipping these steps could lead to a bricked device!

[edit] If you can't wget the firmware

NOTE:On routers without OpenSSL (e.g. 4MB models), the https link won't work: use HTTP or FTP.

If you don't ordinarily use DNSmasq for local DNS (perhaps because you run another DNS server), then the CLI commands may not be able to resolve addresses, so wget may fail. This can be hard to troubleshoot since the busybox commands don't return errors. Possible workarounds:

  • Enable DNSmasq just while getting the file
nvram set dns_dnsmasq=1
stopservice dnsmasq
startservice dnsmasq
nvram set dns_dnsmasq=0
  • Use nslookup on another host to get the IP address of ftp.dd-wrt.com, then download from
    ftp://<ip>/<path>
    • Note: HTTP won't work (the download1 vhost needs the "Host" header to give you the file, and the stripped-down DD-WRT wget doesn't have the --header option).
  • You can optionally use the following workaround as well:
cd /tmp
echo "nameserver {ip of your local nameserver / gateway router}" > /tmp/resolv.conf
wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}

OR

curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}

OR

curl --ipv4 http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} --output {firmware}

[edit] Configuration Notes

  • You must start to configure router from scratch. Do not try to use config files from older firmware versions.
  • It is strongly advised that you do not disable the "Boot Wait" option under the "Administration" tab. Boot Wait allows you recover if you flash your router improperly.

[edit] If something goes wrong

  • If your router fails to reboot (power light doesn't stop flashing, no web interface, etc) you will need to Recover from a Bad Flash. Additional help can be found by doing a forum search.
  • The peacock thread's section on bricked routers ([7]) can help you to identify if you have a real problem or not.