Installation

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-Installing DD-WRT on a router in most cases is almost as simple as installing a program onto your computer. Installing programs on a router, known as firmware, are achieved by a method called flashing. This article helps you determine which installation process is for you on your supported router, as well as giving router suggestions and information about flashing each one. +{{Languages|Installation}}
 +Installing DD-WRT on a router in most cases is almost as simple as installing a program onto your computer. However, doing it incorrectly can leave you with a router that you have to throw away. Installing programs on a router, known as firmware, are achieved by a method called flashing. This article helps you determine which installation process is for you on your supported router, as well as giving router suggestions and information about flashing each one.
-=Is your router supported?=+=Choosing the Correct Firmware - '''Extremely Important'''=
-For a list of devices working with DD-WRT, please see '''[[Supported Devices]]'''.+==Is Your Router Supported?==
-If your router is not listed there, you are on your own and risk breaking it.+Please check the [https://dd-wrt.com/support/router-database/ '''router database'''] first.
-Better refer to [[Index:Support]] about how to request your router to get tested.+
-=Downloading DD-WRT=+If your router is not listed there, check the following wiki pages:
-* Download the latest stable release from the [http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv3/dd-wrt/downloads.html DD-WRT Downloads page] (or [https://secure.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv3/dd-wrt/downloads.html secure version]).+
-** Some newer routers are not supported by the latest stable release (v23 SP2). Check the [[Supported Devices]] list for the minimum required DD-WRT version for your device. You may need to use a release candidate.+
-* Ensure you are using the correct version of the firmware.+
-** For more information about which version to use, see [[What_is_DD-WRT?#File_Versions|File Versions]].+
-** Updating through the Web GUI means you need to use the ''_generic'' version, as mentioned briefly in the hwsupport.txt file.+
-** Use the ''_mini'' version when upgrading from original Linksys firmware. You only need the _micro version if your AP has 2 MB of flash (WRT54G v5/v6 for instance). Use the regular firmware if your AP has 4 MB or more of flash (WRT54GL for instance).+
-* Read the changelog and all other information files on the download pages. They contain important information!+
-* If you downloaded a .zip file, then extract the archive.+
-* Confirm a good download by comparing the MD5 hash fingerprint of the firmware you downloaded with published [[Hashes|hashes]].+
-==Precautions==+For a list of devices working with DD-WRT, please see '''[[Supported Devices]]'''.
-Follow all the instructions precisely, or you may run into trouble. '''Incorrectly flashing can [[Glossary#Brick|brick]] your router!'''+
-* As this documentation says elsewhere, upon flashing the first time, before dd-wrt is running and while the Linksys software is still installed, do not use Firefox. Use IE to flash the router (even OS X IE works). Once dd-wrt is running, you can use any browser you like to administer or even flash the router.+
-* Do NOT use a wireless connection to upload firmware. Use a wired connection. It is recommended that you disable any wireless adapters on your system to ensure that none are used for the transfer.+
-* Do NOT flash/backup your firmware over an SSL (https) connection. Make sure you are using http.+
-* Disable your anti-virus-software, as a false-positive virus detection could interrupt the upload.+
-* If you need to use '''TFTP''' to upload firmware, disable your software firewall first.+
-* You will not have internet access through the router during the process of replacing the firmware. We recommend you save this webpage and the [[Recover from a Bad Flash]] and [[Index:FAQ|FAQ]] pages to your hard drive (use File->Save As, '''*NOT* a bookmark'''). This will allow you to review the information offline in the event that something goes wrong.+
-* Do not forget to make note of your current settings, especially if you have static IP addresses. A quick way of doing this is to take screenshots of your current configuration screens. +
-** It can be essential to record your current WAN MAC address. Some ISPs do not allow an immediate change of the routing hardware and changing the firmware changes the MAC address.+
-* Have a secondary router or internet connection available while experimenting with your router's firmware, to expedite any trouble shooting and remove the risk of becoming stranded. +
-** If you have a cable modem which connects to your router with Ethernet, you can plug your PC straight into the modem should you have any problems. Your PC will be assigned your external IP with DHCP, and you will be on the net. Remember to use a software firewall.+
-==Flashing with Web GUI (Not for Buffalo devices)==+For a list of devices '''not''' working with DD-WRT please see '''[[Known incompatible devices]]'''.
-===Reset to [[Factory Defaults]]===+
-If you know the IP address, username, and password of your router:+
-# Follow the instructions in the next section to log in to the Web GUI.+
-# Click the "Administration" tab.+
-# Click the "Factory Defaults" sub-tab.+
-# Select "Yes".+
-# Click the "Save Settings" button.+
-# A new page will open, click "continue".+
-If you do not know the IP address, username, or password of your router, you will need to use the reset button. Be careful when using this method! Apparently if you have OpenWRT already on your router the reset button may not function as it is assumed here and may actually brick your router! Research the functionality of your current firmware to be safe.+If your device is supported, you may find specific information in the [[Hardware-specific]] page for your router. However, '''to avoid [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brick_%28electronics%29 Bricking] your router''', please finish reading this entire page first. You will then want to follow what is written for your particular device.
-# Press and hold the reset button on the back of the router for 30 seconds.+
-===Logging In to the Web GUI===+==Which router should I buy?==
-To use the Web interface, you will need to have Javascript enabled with any security restrictions disabled. If the Linksys firmware is currently installed, do not use Firefox as certain versions of the Linksys firmware are known to have problems with Firefox.+For a list of recommended devices for installing DD-WRT, please see '''[[Firmware FAQ#Which router should I buy?|Which router should I buy?]]'''
-# Type in the IP address of the router (default 192.168.1.1) into the address bar of your browser.+
-#* If you do not know the router IP address, you can [[Obtaining_Router_IP|attempt to obtain it]]+
-# You will be prompted for username and password.+
-#* For DD-WRT versions starting with 2006-Feb-28, the default username is ''root''. Prior versions have a blank username by default.+
-#* For Linksys firmware, the default username can be left blank or set to anything.+
-#* For DD-WRT and Linksys firmware, the default password is ''admin''.+
-===Upload The Firmware===+==Before You Download, Upgrade, or Flash==
-<div style='color:red; font-weight:bold'>It is VERY important that you not interrupt the setup while the router is being flashed and rebooted. Do not turn off the computer, close the web browser, or turn off the router during this process! I usually just take a step back, and turn my head away so I don't breathe on it for these crucial 2 minutes.</div>+Before you try to take any actions, including loading any firmware to your router....read the English Broadcom Forum Announcement entitled [https://secure.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486 Peacock Thread] It contains more information than just for those who are having problems. '''BROADCOM ONLY INFO MOSTLY.''' Unfortunately, skipping this step leads many to brick (break) their routers.
-''[Comment added 10/03/06 by JoE]''+Start there... do some research... then ask questions. '''Don't just load V24-Final or SP1.''' (Read the English Broadcom Forum Announcements referenced above to find out why). The user-friendly [http://www.dd-wrt.com/site/support/other-downloads?path=betas dd-wrt download page] will help you identify the correct "killer" and dd-wrt firmware versions (as applicable) for your device as needed. However, you must use the peacock thread and use the information in the [[Hardware-specific]] page to '''accurately''' identify your hardware and not create a problem that renders your router useless.
-At the time of this writing, the current version of '''Mozilla Firefox will cause your installation to fail''' when trying to upgrade firmware (dd-wrt.v23_mini_wrt54g.bin, dd-wrt.v23_generic.bin, dd-wrt.v23_wrt54g.bin) using the web interface. I used the current version of Internet Explorer with no problems. Additionally, if your '''power button keeps flashing''' and/or you '''cannot reach/ping 192.168.1.1''' after a reset, unplug and plug in the power cord real quick. Wait a few seconds and then everything is hunky-dory.+
 +After you have read THIS page, and gotten some background on the peacock page, the [[Hardware-specific]] page may be the most useful page for you in terms of identifying your router, figuring out what files you need to download (including instructions), and figuring out the correct installation procedures.
-# You should be in the Web GUI of the router. Go there now.+==Identifying Your DD-WRT Firmware==
-# Click the "Administration" tab+* Use the '''brand-specific information in the [[Hardware-specific]]''' page to accurately identify which model you have. Start with the main brand heading (ie, "Linksys"). Use '''that''' information - instead of just going by what model you think you have - [[User:Clock|clock]].
-# Click the "Firmware Upgrade" sub-tab.+* As the peacock thread mentions, using the incorrect file is one of the worst things you can do. Fortunately, dd-wrt has simplified this immensely with their search format. Once you have identified your router accurately, you may be able to go straight to [https://secure.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv3/dd-wrt/downloads.html DD-WRT Downloads page] and find the files you need. Again, check the [[Hardware-specific]] page for links to detailed instructions that may indicate how many files you need, etc (- [[User:Clock|clock]]).
-# (Only applicable when DD-WRT is already installed.) Click the "No reset" radio button (''works for me, but please double check if "Firmware Defaults" would be better!'').+* Some '''newer routers''' are not supported by the latest stable release. Check the [[Supported Devices]] list for the minimum required DD-WRT version for your device. You may need to use an SVN or experimental build.
-# Click the "Browse" button and select the DD-WRT .bin file you downloaded and confirmed.+** For a '''comparison of the builds''', see [[Version Features]].
-# Click the "Upgrade" button.+** '''Updating through the Web GUI''' (ie, the routers's online interface) means you need to use the ''_generic'' version.
-# The router will take a few minutes to upload the file and flash the firmware. During this time, the power light will flash.+** Use the ''_mini'' version when upgrading from '''original Linksys firmware'''. You need the ''_micro'' version if your hardware has 2 MB of flash (WRT54G v5 through v8 for instance). Use the "_mini" firmware if your hardware has 4 MB or more of flash (WRT54GL for instance). The maximum filesizes in Bytes are listed [https://secure.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486 here under '''Maximum firmware size''']. (Again, use the download page's search function for help here - [[User:Clock|clock]]).
-# A new page will open confirming that the upload was successful ([http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Installation#Possible_errors if not]). Now '''<font color=red>wait about 5 minutes</font>''' before clicking "Continue".+* Read the [[Changelog]], the [http://svn.dd-wrt.com/timeline timeline] and all other information files on the download pages. They contain important information!
-# If flashed successfully you will now be at the DD-WRT web interface.+
-''[Comment added 2007/03/27 by staylor]''+==Downloading Your DD-WRT Firmware==
-'''Or, you won't be at the dd-wrt web interface''' I have a wrt54g v1.1 (also with wrt54gl v1.1), flashing with dd-wrt v23 sp2. I waited the requisite number of minutes, and my "Wireless-G" badge lit up (a good sign), but when I clicked "Continue" after the upload was successful, I did '''<font color=red>not</font>''' get to the dd-wrt web interface. Nor was the device ping-able.+See: [[Firmware_FAQ#Where_do_I_download_firmware.3F|Where do I download firmware]]
-''[Comment added 1/04/08 by jwebste1]''+=Precautions=
-I can confirm Staylor's comment above for a brand new store bought WRT350N (had to soft reset the router to get the mini install to become accessible on 192.168.1.1.+If still running OEM firmware version on an old router (usually with 2MB flash), a "kill" firmware program file may be required first. The process of installing that firmware is probably covered in the [[Hardware-specific]] page under your device. It will be similar to simply repeating the overall installation process below, but using the specific "kill" file.
-Holding down the reset button for 30 seconds (leaving the power cable connected) re-booted the router, and all was fine thereafter.+Follow all the instructions precisely, or you may run into trouble. '''Incorrectly flashing can [[Glossary#Brick|brick]] your router!'''
-If the above doesn't result in a successful load of the dd-wrt web interface, try a "ipconfig -renew" in a command prompt window.+'''NOTE:''' See [[Web_interface#Username_and_Password|Web Interface - Username and Password]] for information about valid password characters.
-====Possible errors====+=='''Do Prior Research'''==
-During the firmware upload process, if your router says something similar to, "Upload Failed," you may be using the wrong version of DD-WRT. This may occur through the web GUI if you use a *wrt54g.bin version when you should have selected the generic version instead. It may also be that your router requires the mini version to be flashed ''before'' the full version. Be sure to double check to make sure you have the right version. If you are certain that your router is supported and that you have the correct firmware, you may simply need to use a different web browser (e.g. from Firefox to Internet Explorer).+Read the [[Firmware_FAQ|Firmware FAQ]].
-===Reset to Factory Defaults AGAIN===+#Failing to prepare and do your background research can cause considerable frustration, wasted time, and render your router useless (bricked). In other words, you may have to literally throw it away and/or spend a lot of time recovering it. With some research, you'll save hours of time and frustration.
-Do this '''only''' after you have confirmed that the firmware upgrade is working. At this+#It is recommended that you first read your specific device wiki, if available. For Broadcom devices read the [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486] Peacock announcement] as a pre-ARM reference.
-point you ''may'' have temporary problems using [[Web Interface]], so just [[ping]]+#Be careful about implementation (actually flashing) on this wiki as compared to what is recommended as a guide for your router under [[Hardware-specific]]. However, reviewing this wiki will be important for overall understanding.
-your router.+
-'''For V23 SP2''': Please do a hard reset: While holding down the reset button, plug in the power cord. Hold the reset button for 30 seconds. Also see [[Reset And Reboot]]. This is because SP2 uses encrypted password storage inside NVRAM. You are unable to login using root/admin before you reset. '''Please take this step seriously!'''+=='''General'''==
 +#Do not skip resets before or after firmware updates unless you know what you're doing.
 +#Do NOT flash your firmware over an SSL (HTTPS) connection. Make sure you are using HTTP.
 +=='''Prepare to Go Offline'''==
 +#You will not have internet access through the router during the process of replacing the firmware. You are going to do almost everything offline with a LAN connection to your router (how to [[Settings#Disable Wireless|Disable your wireless]]). Given the many types of problems you can encounter that can prohibit you from getting help, the process of reactivating and deactivating your [[Security|security settings]] if you actually can get back online, and the likelihood for browser crashes if you try to just keep the pages up, '''you will need to download everything you need before you start'''. This will allow you to review the information offline in the event that something goes wrong.
 +#Windows Vista users may need to [[Settings#Disable Compound TCP|Disable Compound TCP]].
 +#Note or screenshot the current settings for future reference, especially if you have static IP addresses.
 +## It can be essential to record your current WAN MAC address. Some ISPs do not allow an immediate change of the routing hardware without a phone call. Check the GUI and router label for the WAN MAC.
 +# Have a secondary router or internet connection available while experimenting with your router's firmware, to expedite any trouble shooting and remove the risk of becoming stranded.
 +## If you have a cable modem which connects to your router with ethernet, you can plug your PC straight into the modem should you have any problems. Your PC will be assigned your external IP with DHCP, and you will be on the net. Remember to use a software firewall.
 +#Recommended: PDF or save the following for offline reference e.g. ''File''->''Save As'' to html ('''NOT a bookmark''')
 +#*The installation page for your specific router as found though the [[Hardware-specific]] page.
 +#*The [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486] Peacock announcement.
 +#*This [[Installation]] wiki.
 +#*[[Recover_from_a_Bad_Flash|Recover from a Bad Flash]].
 +#*FAQs [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Index:FAQ]
 +#*Tftp Flash instruction [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Tftp_flash] if applicable. It describes how you may have to enable Tftp, which is very quick and easy (just one check box). You may need to be prepared to use Tftp even if you do not plan to use it.
 +#*The Wikipedia instructions for [[Settings# Disable Compound TCP|Compound TCP]], if applicable (Vista, etc), available at: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_TCP].
 +#In addition, you will probably also need:
 +#*The Tftp.exe file, if applicable (execute it from the Tftp [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Tftp_flash] link above, and just leave it open).
 +#*First ("killer") flash file, if applicable.
 +#*Second (DD-WRT) flash file. (In some cases, this may be the only file you need.)
-With Linksys WRT54G variants, just holding the reset button for 30 seconds may be sufficient to allow logging in. One user has reported that resetting wasn't necessary at all.+=='''Going Offline/Before Implementation'''==
 +#Do NOT use a wireless connection to GUI upload firmware. Use a wired (LAN) connection.
 +#Disable any wireless adapters (see the [[Settings#Disable Wireless|right way to do it]]) on your system to ensure that none are used for the transfer.
 +#Recommended: AFTER you are offline, disable your anti-virus software, as as a false positive detection could interrupt the upload. Disable all firewalls and security (see [[Security|Disable Security]]. Restore security measures before going back online.
-'''For previous versions''': Press and hold the reset button on the back of the router for 30 seconds. See also [[Reset And Reboot]].+=Flashing Your Router with DD-WRT Firmware=
 +Three methods of flashing are covered below: using the router's online interface (Method 1), via TFTP ([[#Method 2: Flashing with TFTP|Method 2]]), and with the Command Line Interface ([[#Method 3: Flashing with Command Line|Method 3]] - '''use this if wirelessly connected'''). The router model and/or location may dictate what you use.
-==Flashing with TFTP==+==Method 1: Flashing with Web GUI ==
-Flashing with TFTP must not be seen as the standard procedure for flashing: only use it when you are specifically told to do so (for example in the specific instructions for flashing your brand or type of device). Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used: it should be perfectly adequate for any standard situation. See that section for more information.+These instructions are very generic. Search the wiki, [[Supported Devices]], and [https://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas DD-WRT download page] for your specific device.
-If you still wish to flash with TFTP, see [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Recover_from_a_Bad_Flash#Recovering_with_TFTP Recovering with TFTP].+
-''Note for users not using the original Linksys firmware: you cannot use tftp! Change your firmware to the official Linksys firmware, and then continue below.''+#'''Reset your router'''
 +##This is probably not needed, but if the memory or nvram is almost full, a firmware update can brick it. Thus it is recommended at least until are familiar with the particular device.
 +##See [[Reset And Reboot]] and note the default IP address. If not listed on the router label see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]
 +##Perform a GUI reset (''Administration''->''[[Factory Defaults]]'' in DD-WRT) or use an alternate method:
 +##*[[Hard reset or 30/30/30|Hard reset]]. <font color=darkred>WARNING: some devices should not use 30/30/30, including all ARM devices.</font>
 +##*Reset button: with the router running normally, hold the reset button until the lights flash (or up to 30 sec). Be careful when using this method! Research the functionality of your current firmware to be safe.)
 +#'''Log in to the Web GUI'''
 +##Javascript is required for the Web interface. Try a different browser if having issues.
 +##Access the GUI via the router IP address. The default for DD-WRT and many devices is [192.168.1.1], or see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]. If the IP address is unknown, see [[Obtaining Router IP]]. If still having issues, [[Hard_reset_or_30/30/30#Erasing_NVRAM|erase the nvram]].
 +## You will be prompted for username and password. (If your router already has a DD-WRT versions starting with 2006-Feb-28, the default username is ''root''. Prior versions have a blank username by default. For Linksys firmware, the default username can be left blank or set to anything. For both DD-WRT and Linksys firmware, the default password is ''admin''. Search online for other defaults on other routers).
 +#'''Upload the Firmware'''
 +##'''NOTE:''' Multiple flashes may be needed if flashing from OEM firmware. See the [[Firmware_FAQ#Where_do_I_download_firmware.3F|FAQ download file details]].
 +## '''WARNING:<span style="color:#FF0000">DO NOT interrupt the setup while the router is being flashed and rebooted. Do not turn off the computer, close the web browser, or turn off the router during this process!'''</span>
 +##This section is written for the DD-WRT GUI. An OEM firmware interface will be different. See [[#Precautions|Precautions]].
 +### Click the "Administration"->"Firmware Upgrade" tab.
 +###Optional: select the option to Reset to Defaults after flashing (NOTE: this can cause flashing issues)
 +###Click the "Browse" button and select the DD-WRT .bin file you downloaded and confirmed.
 +###Click the "Upgrade" button and wait for a redirect page confirming successful upload.
 +###Now '''<font color=red>wait at least 5 minutes</font>''' before clicking "Continue". This varies with the hardware.
 +### If flashed successfully you will now be able to access the DD-WRT web interface at [192.168.1.1].
 +#'''Reset Again'''
 +##Do this '''only''' after you have confirmed that the firmware upgrade is working.
 +##'''This is required if flashing from OEM firmware!''' See the above section again.
 +##For DD-WRT upgrades, this should only be needed if making large build jumps, changing kernel version (e.g. 2.4 to 2.6 or 2.6 to 3.10), or if having issues. For the latter, reset, retest, and then search the forum before making a new post.
 +#'''Possible Errors with Uploading Firmware'''
 +##If the DD-WRT web interface is not accessible after 10 minutes, try clearing the browser cache, renewing the IP address ("ipconfig -renew" in a Windows command prompt window), another reset, or power cycle.
 +##Ping the router: a TTL=64 response indicates normal operation, while TTL=100 usually indicates a TFTP server awaiting firmware upload. TFTP usually only is available in the first couple seconds at power-up, and may time out if the file upload is larger than OEM versions. See [[Tftp_flash]], and note only OEM firmware may work for TFTP, possible trailed builds.
 +##Search the forum, wiki, [[Supported Devices]], and [https://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas DD-WRT download page] for your specific device.
 +##The firmware upload process may respond with "Upload Failed" if using the wrong file type, kernel, or size of DD-WRT (or may just brick). E.g. This may occur through the web GUI if you use a *wrt54g.bin version when you should have selected the generic version. It may also be that your router requires the mini version to be flashed ''before'' the full version. Ensure you have the right version, as described in the first section.
 +##See [[Recover from a Bad Flash]] or try a different internet browser to upload the firmware.
 +##If logging in fails with the default username/password, reset again.
-Owners of the Siemens Gigaset SE505 have to flash their device with tftp. Look at [[Flash Your Siemens SE505]].+==Method 2: Flashing with TFTP==
 +TFTP is generally a safe method to flash many routers. However, it is not preferred method for flashing most devices. In the [[Hardware-specific]] section you may be advised to use this method if it is the preferred or only method for your brand or type of device. Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used, as it is adequate for the vast majority of standard situations, but refer to the [[Hardware-specific]] section to be sure.
-==Flashing with Command Line==+Tftp is easy: if often requires one quick box uncheck and a quick click - then you are good to go. It is great for instances when web GUI malfunctions or the router appears to be (but is not) bricked.
-This is available on routers that have DD-WRT installed and SSH enabled.+If you still wish to flash with TFTP, see the articles [[TFTP flash]], [[Asus TFTP Flash]] and [[Recover from a Bad Flash#Recovering with TFTP|Recovering with TFTP]].
-It's the *ONLY* recommended mode to flash the router ''wirelessly''.+==Method 3: Flashing with Command Line==
 +This is only available on routers that already have DD-WRT installed and Telnet/SSH enabled. It is the *ONLY* recommended method to upgrade the router ''wirelessly'' because the file is transferred from the DD-WRT servers to the router and the checksum is verified to ensure that the file is not corrupt. Other flashing methods transfer the file from your PC to the router (which would go over the wireless which is not as reliable) and do nothing to verify that the file is not corrupted.
 +'''NOTE: Builds after 47381 do not have ftp support compiled in to busybox wget; use curl intead.'''
-1) [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Telnet/SSH_and_the_Command_Line telnet or ssh] into WRT+First [[Telnet/SSH and the Command Line|Telnet or ssh]] into DD-WRT.
-2) download '''dd-wrt.v2*_generic.bin''' with [http://www.cbi.pku.edu.cn/Doc/CS/wget/man.wget.html wget] or [http://winscp.net/ scp] to /tmp+'''1a.''' Download the firmware to the router's /tmp directory with wget (http or ftp), curl (http or ftp), scp, or a mounted share.
 +<pre>cd /tmp
 +wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}</pre>
 +Or:
 +<pre>curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}</pre>
 +*The ''{platform}'' refers to architecture or router model and version. See [[#Downloading_Your_DD-WRT_Firmware]] for details.
-2a) Alternatively, you could use the mounted share if you have one, and simply download the file there. +Note: To download from login/password protected sites (like BS' ftp for testers), use the following syntax:
 +<pre>wget ftp://{login}:{password}@{download location}/{firmware}</pre>
 +Or:
 +<pre>curl -u {login}:{password} ftp://{download location}/{firmware} -o {firmware}</pre>
-3) ''(optional, but advised)'' [[Hashes|compare MD5 checksum]] of the original and the downloaded file+'''1b.''' ''Optional:'' [[Hashes|Compare the MD5 checksum]] ['''obsolete'''] of the original and the downloaded file.<br>
 +*For modern builds, one can also download the file to another directory (or device) and check the md5sum for both downloads:
 + md5sum {firmware}
-4) <pre>cd /tmp</pre>+'''2.''' Now ''write'' the firmware to flash ('''do NOT''' use ''mtd write''):
 + write {firmware} linux &
 +*The ampersand backgrounds the ''write'' command to protect against connection loss, as the shell would otherwise abort it.
- write '''dd-wrt.v2*_generic.bin''' linux+Note: some routers can have more than one firmware partition: e.g. ''linux'' and ''linux2''
 +*For an example on how to check and switch boot partitions, see [[Linksys_EA6900#Boot_Partitions|here]].
-5) wait...+'''3.''' ''Optional:'' Reset nvram (if having issues or for large version changes) via ''erase nvram'' '''or''' ''nvram erase''
 +The latter is for builds after 18 Apr 2018 (35770 and later). See [[Hard_reset_or_30/30/30#Erasing_NVRAM|Erasing NVRAM]] for details.
-6) reboot+'''4.''' When completed without error, finally:
 + reboot
-7) via web interface, restore factory defaults+==Other Notes==
 +=== Upgrading to a Newer Version of DD-WRT ===
 +If DD-WRT is already installed on your router, you can simply upgrade to a new version via the web interface or [[Tftp_flash|TFTP]]. However, it is highly recommended that you restore the router to defaults using the reset button before ''and'' after flash. Never restore old backups from previous versions! Skipping these steps could lead to a bricked device!
-8) '''For V23 SP2''': If certain features don't work please do a hard reset. Hard Reset: By plugging in the router and holding down the reset button for 30 seconds all at the same time. Do not use config files from older firmware versions. You must start from the beginning.+===If you can't wget the firmware===
- +'''NOTE:'''On routers without OpenSSL (e.g. 4MB models), the https link won't work: use HTTP or FTP.
-=Configuration Notes=+
-* You must start to configure router from scratch. Do not try to use config files from older firmware versions.+
- +
-* It is strongly advised that you enable the "Boot Wait" option under the "Administration" tab. This will help you recover in the future should you flash your router improperly. If you use v23 or higher the "Boot Wait" option is enabled by default.+
- +
-=If something goes wrong=+
-* If your router fails to reboot (power light doesn't stop flashing, no web interface, etc) you will need to [[Recover from a Bad Flash]]. Additional help can be found by doing a [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/search.php forum search].+
- +
-=Hardware-Specific Information=+
- +
-==Linksys WAP54G==+
- +
-<div style='color:red; font-weight:bold'>'''WARNING''' - Do not use V24 RC6.X builds on the WAP units. Repeater mode does not work at all and there is a chance you would brick your V1.x unit by installing it.</div>+
- +
- +
-'''MAC ADDRESS CHANGES''' - redhawk+
- +
-If you really want your WAP to have the correct MAC address when it boots up there are 2 methods....one simple but not permanent, and one not so simple but permanent.+
- +
-'''Method 1 -'''+
- +
-For V1.x only On the Administration>>Commands tab enter+
- +
-nvram set et1macaddr=<''your MAC address minus 1 here''> (due to the port swap) (i.e. 00:11:22:33:44:54)+
- +
-nvram commit+
- +
-Run+
- +
-For all other WAP versions - substitute the et1macaddr with et0macaddr and don't use the minus 1, use your actual MAC address. (i.e. 00:11:22:33:44:55) +
- +
-This will need to be re-entered if you do a hard reset (like when doing firmware upgrades).+
- +
- +
-'''Method 2 -''' Works for all WAPs (For V2.X+ use actual MAC and MAC+1)+
-Extract your CFE, edit in your MAC address, et0macaddr = MAC, and il0macaddr=MAC+1. (For V1.x... Use your MAC-1 for the lan_hwaddr and your MAC for the wan_hwaddr), then put the CFE back on using the HairyDairyMaid or TJTAG utility. This method is risky. You could potentially turn your router into a brick. Once this is reinstalled on the unit and the firmware has been loaded, your unit will have its own MAC addresses permanently embedded and will show every time you boot.+
- +
- +
-'''[note] -''' for the V1s, search for the embedded text string "hwaddr" using your hex editor. This will find the two MAC addresses that are embedded. Again due to the port swap the LAN MAC address needs to be entered as MAC-1 and wan_hwaddr needs to be entered as the MAC for the V1.X only+
- +
-'''[note] -''' my WAP 1.0 required 192.168.1.1 using tftp.exe for the firmware load the first time... my V3.1 required 192.168.1.245 using tftp.exe for the firmware load the first time.+
- +
- +
-<div style='color:red; font-weight:bold'>'''WARNING''' - Do not use V24 RC6.X builds on the WAP units. Repeater mode does not work at all and there is a chance you would brick your V1.x unit by installing it.</div>+
- +
-'''For loading firmware on the WAP54G V1.0''' - Has fixed LED displays starting with V24 RC5. - redhawk+
- +
-* Connect PC to LAN port on WAP+
-* Configure PC for STATIC IP as 192.168.1.2 Mask 255.255.255.0, Gateway 192.168.1.245+
-* Press and hold Reset Button on WAP unit for 30 seconds, unplug unit, Plug back in still holding reset button an additional 30 seconds.+
-* Open Browser, URL = http://192.168.1.245+
-* Login as: Username/Password <blank>/admin+
-* Navigate to Administration Tab. Change the DD-WRT V24_standard_generic.bin file to V24_Standard_generic.trx+
-* Upload the new standard_generic.trx file to the router.+
-* Wait 5 minutes after it says it completes successfully.+
-* Unplug WAP unit, plug it back in.+
-* Press and hold Reset Button on WAP unit for 30 seconds, unplug unit, Plug back in still holding reset button an additional 30 seconds.+
-* Now use URL = http://192.168.1.1+
-* Go to the Administration>>Commands tab.+
-* Enter the following+
- +
-nvram show | grep boardnum (''then click on "Run Commands"'')+
- +
-If it returns blank then issue the following commands... if it returns a boardnum=2 then you won't have to.+
- +
- +
-nvram set boardnum=2+
- +
-nvram commit+
- +
- +
-* Click "Run" button and then: "Save Startup" button. - (only if you had to enter boardnum=2 manually)+
-* Power cycle the WAP unit.+
-* Check the Status page... it should now display the unit as a "Linksys WAP54G v1.x"+
-* Configure as you would any other router.+
- +
-Power = Power, Diag = Diag or Commit+
- +
-WLAN - '''Link LED is now a Radio On/Off indicator''', Act = Wireless Activity+
- +
-LAN - Link = Link, Full/Col = Full, 100 = 100+
- +
-''Thanks goes to Eko for making this unit display correctly.''+
- +
- +
- +
-'''For loading the firmware on the WAP v2''' - follow the steps for the WAP v3.x below... except don't include the nvram variable for WAPver=3. The v2 units have a unique board and should be already recognized by the RC5 and later firmware. Eko informed me that there are no special variables needed for the v2 units. [redhawk - 11/16/07]+
- +
-If you receive a error message saying "Unable to downgrade firmware" go to http://192.168.1.245/fw-conf.asp, set pull-down menu "DownGrade Header :" to disable and click [apply]. If this setting executed successful you see a message "Your changes have been saved". [ddvelzen - 18/01/08]+
- +
-<div style='color:red; font-weight:bold'>'''WARNING''' - Do not use V24 RC6.X builds on the WAP units. Repeater mode does not work at all.</div>+
- +
-'''For loading the firmware on the WAP54G v3.1''' Use V24-RC5 or later for Reset button function+
- +
-* Connect PC to LAN port on WAP+
-* Configure PC ethernet port to ''IP: 192.168.1.2, SM: 255.255.255.0, GW: 192.168.1.245''+
-* Unplug power. Wait 15 seconds+
-* Press and hold Reset Button on WAP unit for 30 seconds, unplug unit, Plug back in still holding reset button an additional 30 seconds.+
-* Open your favorite browser (I used Firefox) and go to: '''http://192.168.1.245'''+
-* Login as:+
- +
-'''User:''' <blank>+
- +
-'''Password:''' admin+
- +
-Hit the Administration tab, and upload the MICRO version of the firmware. +
- +
-* Wait 5 minutes after it says it completes successfully.+
-* Press and hold Reset Button on WAP unit for 30 seconds, unplug unit, Plug back in still holding reset button an additional 30 seconds.+
- +
-* Go to: ''http://192.168.1.1'' in your browser and login with the default un/pw for DD-WRT...+
-[Added by redhawk - 11/16/07]+
-* Next go to the Administration>>Command tab+
-* Type in: '''[note]''' - this is only needed for v3.x WAP units with V24-RC5 and later firmware.+
- +
- +
- +
-nvram set WAPver=3 +
- +
-nvram commit+
- +
- +
-* Click on the "RUN" button and then the "Save Startup" button... you want this to run each time it reboots.+
-* Reboot the router again then configure.+
- +
-[Added by lerley - 1/29/08]+
- +
-I kept getting "upgrade failed" message when trying to update the micro firmware on my WAP54G v3.1 - I ended up doing the following to make it work:+
- +
-* Reset as above+
-* Upload micro firmware through web interface and get failed message+
-* Power cycle router+
-* Tftp micro firmware to router (still at 192.168.1.245) as per instructions in [[Recover from a Bad Flash#Recovering_with_TFTP]]+
-* When router boots, go to 192.168.1.1 and log in with DD-WRT defaults+
-* Go to Administration - Upgrade Firmware and upload micro firmware again+
-* Power cycle router+
- +
-At this point it worked great and I could configure it. Probably still need the nvram stuff as above...+
- +
- +
-[Added by rfuhrman 19 April 2008]+
- +
-WAP54v31 hardware, running Firefox on brand new WAP54v31, loading dd-wrt.v24_micro_generic.bin +
-....on upload completion received "upload failed" message ala 'lerley'. +
-My WAP54 was unaffected, I was still in Admin page, so no need to panic.... +
-Simply switched to IE and ran same exact commands at 192.168.1.245, perfect upload 1st try.+
-Then I could later use Firefox for finishing the configuration.+
- +
-So I assume do not use browser of choice, but rather '''use IE for 1st upload''' +
-(this is same as suggested for WRT54GL install notes).+
- +
-==Linksys WRT54G or WRT54GL or WRT54GS or WRT54GGX==+
- +
-See [[Linksys WRT54G/GL/GS/GX]] page.+
- +
-==Linksys WRTSL54GS ==+
- +
-See [[Linksys WRTSL54GS]] page.+
- +
-==Linksys WRT300N v1 ==+
- +
-See [[Linksys WRT300N|Linksys WRT300N v1]] page.+
- +
-==Allnet ALL0277==+
- +
-The [[Allnet ALL0277]] (not DSL !!!) essentially is a relabeled Linksys WRT54G v1.0. It was even reported in the forum, that you can install the Linksys firmware on these devices.+
- +
-===First time install===+
-With some minor exceptions, the procedure to install DD-WRT the first time is pretty much the same as for other WRT54G devices. +
-For flashing this device the first time you need to change the first 4 bytes of the mini_wrt54g image to read W54A (usually this is W54G). You can use a hex editor like [http://www.chmaas.handshake.de/delphi/freeware/xvi32/xvi32.htm XVI32]. After the patch, you can upload using the new firmware using the standard ALLNET web interface. +
-If the ethernet interface does not work (it did not for me on v23SP2), try the wireless LAN interface to check whether the upgrade did succeed.+
- +
-After the hard reset of the router, you should be able to proceed as described above.+
- +
-==Buffalo==+
- +
-===WHR-G54S, WHR-HP-G54, WZR-HP-G54===+
- +
-'''NOTE:''' Use only v23 SP1 final or later with Buffalo devices. Older releases may cause trouble!+
- +
-'''NOTE:''' For some models you can use the [[ddadder]] program+
- +
-===First Time Flashing from Stock Buffalo Firmware===+
-'''Normally, most companies let you upload firmware directly from the user interface. Buffalo, unfortunately, encrypts their firmware, and their routers will accept only encrypted firmware in the web interface.'''+
- +
-The first time you flash, the TFTP method can be used to bypass this 'encrypted' firmware requirement. Afterwards, the router firmware can be changed through the Web interface normally.+
- +
-All the Broadcom routers ''normally'' enter a special mode in the first few seconds after power is applied that allows a TFTP transfer to directly program the flash ROM with new firmware. So what you need to do is get everything ready to go. 1. power up the router, and then 2. send the router the new firmware, quickly.+
- +
-===WHR-G125 Specifics===+
-'''NOTE:''' There is now a separate RC5 firmware section for the WHR-G125. For available v24 RC5 downloads see [http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/down.php?path=downloads%2Frelease+candidates%2FDD-WRT+v24+RC5%2FBUFFALO+WHR-G125/ here]. Developers are in the process of integrating this model into the latest generic builds, but until you are sure of this please adhere to the warning below.+
-<div style='color:red; font-weight:bold'>'''WARNING''' - You MUST use the special G125 build of v24 (RC6 or earlier) on the WHR-G125 router or you will brick it. If loading an Eko- RC5 or Eko-RC6 the file name must contain 535X. If it is a Pre-RC7 build...the Eko builds must contain NEWD in the filename....BrainSlayer RC7 builds can be used directly as is...no special build designation with his Pre-RC7</div>+
- +
-===WZR-RS-G54 Specifics===+
- +
-Substitute 192.168.12.1 as the router IP, and 192.168.12.2 as your computer IP in this guide.+
- +
-===TFTP Flashing Buffalo Routers under Windows===+
- +
-Vista Users: Go into Control Panel, Programs, turn Windows Features on of off, check "TFTP Client".+
- +
-The computer you are using, and the router you are resetting, must be close to each other: so it is possible to have one hand on the enter key of the computer, and the other holding the power plug of the router, and able to put it in the wall or power outlet.+
- +
-# It's good to now reset to [[Factory Defaults|factory defaults]] by holding the reset button while plugging in the router. Hold for '''at least''' 30 seconds. Unplug the router. This makes sure the router is in its 'factory fresh' state.+
-# Unplug the router. Usually, preparing by leaving the connection to the router, and unplugging the router from the wall or power strip, is the easiest way.+
-# A non-XPSP2, third-party firewall, may interfere with tftp's ability to talk to the router. It may be useful to disable any third-party firewalls now.+
-# Either:+
-## Your computer should be connected directly to one of the LAN ports on the router. (You can use a regular cable or crossover).+
-## Or if you have a larger network, the computer is connected to a switch, and then to the router LAN port. The router's power cord still needs to be within reach while you are at the computer.[[Image:Set_static_IP_XP_Fixed.png|thumbnail|Reference Image]]+
-# For Windows XP, the following reference image should help. After selecting "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)," click on the Properties button to open the next screen. Enter the info as shown, an IP Address of 192.168.11.2, a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, and click 'OK'. Leave Default Gateway '''blank'''.+
-# Make a copy of the firmware file, call it 'ddwrt.bin', and put it in your user folder. For instance, "C:\Documents and Settings\yourusername".+
-# Open a command window, by using Start->Run->"cmd". Enter 'ping 192.168.11.1 -t -w 10'.+
-## The router is pinged continuously from the computer, letting you know when to send the firmware.+
-# Open up a second command window, and leave the first where you can see the ping results.+
-# Without pressing Enter, type <code>tftp -i 192.168.11.1 PUT ddwrt.bin</code> '''Do not press enter yet.''' Keep this second command window in the foreground, so all you have to press is the Enter key to send the firmware.+
-# With the power cable to the router in one hand, and the other hand on the Enter key, plug the router in while watching the first command window. When ping replies from 192.168.11.1 begin, press the Enter key.+
-## Some people have found that they have better luck if you plug in the power cable for the router first, then wait a few seconds until you see the red "DIAG" light come on the front of the router. As soon as you see that, you'll want to press Enter to immediately start the TFTP transfer.+
-## http://wiki.openwrt.org/OpenWrtDocs/Hardware/Buffalo/WHR-G54S+
-# All port LEDs will illuminate.+
-# The LED on the LAN port will flash rapidly for about 6 seconds. The TFTP command will complete with a success printout, like <code>Transfer successful: 3502080 bytes in 5 seconds, 700416 bytes/s</code>. Leave the router ALONE at this point!+
-# The router will reboot and then boot DD-WRT.+
-# At this point, the router is ready to use. There is no need to reboot it (unplug/plug).+
-# You can reconfigure your network interface on your computer to use DHCP. The computer pulls an IP address and network information from the router. Access the router via http://192.168.1.1+
-## ''(For the WB2-G54 and some WHR-G54S models, the router may still be accessible at 192.168.11.1).''+
-# The user name is 'root' and the password is 'admin'.+
- +
-Unplugging router can cause media detect network cards to show no media, ie "Network cable disconnected." When you start the tftp and plug the router in, the NIC doesn't detect media until after the tftp flash window has passed, so 60 seconds later tftp times out and the router boots normally. If so, don't unplug the router. Get your tftp ready, hold down the Init (Reset) button on the router, with the Init held down and the Diag blinking, start tftp and immediately release the Init button. You'll never get the 'Cable Disconnected' errors, and it should flash right up.+
- +
-'''Timeouts'''+
- +
-''***If you are still having trouble with timeouts, etc., you may want to try using the [ftp://ftp.linksys.com/pub/network/tftp.exe TFTP client from Linksys]. Be sure to set it to retry at least three (3) times. Five (5) would be a safe number to start with. Connect power while holding the reset button till the red diag button begins to blink, release the reset button and hit the Upgrade button on the Linksys TFTP Utility. For WHR-HP-G54 I had to flash through a switch with Windows or suffer timeouts trying.***''+
- +
-I tried several time on Windows XP. The result is always a timeout.+
-Disabling Media Sense feature of Windows XP, I finally succeeded.+
-How to disable Media Sense feature of Windows.+
-http://support.microsoft.com/kb/239924+
- +
- +
-One other way to prevent a timeout is to first set the NIC to 10 Mbit half duplex.+
- +
-==== Another way is to use a (script) cmd file under Windows ====+
 +If you don't ordinarily use DNSmasq for local DNS (perhaps because you run another DNS server), then the CLI commands may not be able to resolve addresses, so wget may fail. This can be hard to troubleshoot since the busybox commands don't return errors. Possible workarounds:
-#Save the script below to a file named "install.cmd" (without quotes), and put the firmware file in the same folder.+* Enable DNSmasq just while getting the file
-#Run it. +
-#Follow the directions.+
-----+
<pre> <pre>
-@echo off+nvram set dns_dnsmasq=1
- +stopservice dnsmasq
-echo ============================================================================+startservice dnsmasq
-echo Type or paste the firmware filename below and then press Enter.+nvram set dns_dnsmasq=0
-echo.+
-set /p dd-wrt_fn=Firmware Filename: +
-echo.+
-if not exist %dd-wrt_fn% goto FNF_ERROR+
- +
-echo ============================================================================+
- +
-echo This batch file will upload %dd-wrt_fn% in the current+
-echo directory to 192.168.11.1 during the router's bootup.+
-echo.+
-echo * Set your ethernet card's settings to:+
-echo IP: 192.168.11.2+
-echo Mask: 255.255.255.0+
-echo Gateway: 192.168.11.1.+
-echo * Unplug the router's power cable.+
-echo.+
- +
-echo Press Ctrl+C to abort or any other key to continue . . .+
-pause > nul+
- +
-echo.+
-echo * Re-plug the router's power cable.+
-echo.+
- +
-echo ============================================================================+
- +
-echo Waiting for the router; Press Ctrl+C to abort . . .+
-echo.+
- +
-:PING+
-ping -n 1 -w 50 192.168.11.1 > nul+
-if errorlevel 1 goto PING+
- +
-echo tftp -i 192.168.11.1 put %dd-wrt_fn%+
-tftp -i 192.168.11.1 put %dd-wrt_fn%+
-if errorlevel 1 goto PING+
- +
-echo.+
- +
-echo ============================================================================+
- +
-echo * WAIT for about 2 minutes while the firmware is being flashed.+
-echo * Reset your ethernet card's settings back to DHCP.+
-echo * The default router address will be at 192.168.1.1.+
-echo.+
- +
-pause+
-goto END+
- +
-:FNF_ERROR+
-echo ============================================================================+
- +
-echo ERROR: Make sure this batch file and the firmware are in the same directory!+
-echo.+
-pause+
- +
-:END+
</pre> </pre>
----- 
 +* Use nslookup on another host to get the IP address of ftp.dd-wrt.com, then download from <pre>ftp://<ip>/<path></pre>
 +** Note: HTTP won't work (the download1 vhost needs the "Host" header to give you the file, and the stripped-down DD-WRT wget doesn't have the --header option).
-<br><br>+* You can optionally use the following workaround as well:
- +
-===TFTP Flashing Buffalo Routers under Linux, OS X, or other===+
-# Obviously, be sure to observe the aforementioned procedures:+
-#* Disable your wireless adapter so that the tftp connection is '''not''' through a wireless connection.+
-#* Connect directly to the router using a wired connection (i.e. ethernet cable). Make sure you are connected to one of the four LAN ports and not the WAN port.+
-#* Download a copy of these instructions so that they are available to you during the procedure.+
-#* If working with the WZR-RS-G54 router, then be sure to replace all instances of 192.168.11.1 with 192.168.12.1+
-#* Most importantly, review all of these procedures before attempting them.+
-# OS X specific instructions:+
-#* Open up system preferences and select the network preference pane+
-#* Under the TCP/IP tab select from the drop down menu next to ''Configure IPv4'' manually+
-#* Type in 192.168.11.2 for the IP address+
-#* Type in 255.255.255.0 for the Subnet mask+
-#* Type in 192.168.11.1 for the router+
-#* Click ''Apply Now''+
-# Change to the directory that you downloaded the dd-wrt.v23_mini_generic.bin file into. ''At least in Mac OS X, tftp fails to resolve either absolute or relative paths. It is simply better to cd to the directory that contains the dd-wrt.v23_mini_generic.bin file before launching the tftp app so no path resolution has to happen.''+
-# Execute the tftp command and change the mode to binary by typing ''binary'' and hitting return/enter.+
-# Execute the trace command so you get feedback.+
-# Execute the rexmt 1 command so tftp will retry to send the file if you don't get the timing perfect.+
-# type in the connect 192.168.11.1 command but don't execute it yet. +
-# copy the following command (ctrl-c or cmd-c): <code>put dd-wrt.v23_mini_generic.bin.</code>. ''You don't want to hit return yet, because you're going to do this when the timing is right.''+
-# Now that you are ready, here we go: +
-## Plug in the router+
-## When the router is plugged back into power, all of the LEDs on the ethernet ports will turn on.+
-## Once the LEDs turn off on all ports except the connected port, hit enter on the connect command, then immediatly paste (crtl+v or cmd-v) the PUT command into the terminal and hit enter.+
-## The terminal will return with the number of bytes sent and the time that the transfer took in seconds.+
- +
- +
-''Here is a recap of all the commands:'' +
<pre> <pre>
-$ cd /path/to/dd-wrt.v23_mini_generic.bin/directory+cd /tmp
-$ tftp+echo "nameserver {ip of your local nameserver / gateway router}" > /tmp/resolv.conf
-tftp> binary+wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}</pre>
-tftp> trace+OR
-tftp> rexmt 1+<pre>
-tftp> connect 192.168.11.1+curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}
-tftp> put dd-wrt.v23_mini_generic.bin+
</pre> </pre>
- +OR
-'''OS X timing tip:''' Open the network preference pane and select "Network Status" under the "show" pull-down menu. When the router is unplugged the dot next to "Built-in Ethernet" will be red. Now plug in the router and watch for the "Built-in Ethernet" dot to turn green. As soon as it does, execute the connect and put commands.+
- +
-====Alternatives and Troubleshooting under Linux====+
-* Within tftp, you may be able to execute multiple commands using the '&&' operator.+
-* You may be able to use the following one line command:+
<pre> <pre>
-tftp 192.168.11.1 -m binary -c put dd-wrt.v23_generic.bin +curl --ipv4 http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} --output {firmware}
</pre> </pre>
-* Be sure to remember to use 192.168.12.1 for the WZR-RS-G54 router.  
-* Make sure you are in the directory containing the DD-WRT binary before entering tftp. 
-* If tftp fails, try atftp (available in portage for Gentoo and repositories for Debian, Ubuntu, and probably others.) With atftp, the "binary" and "rexmt 1" commands are unnecessary. 
-* If the above does not work, try issuing the "put" command before powering the router. The command will retry and begin as soon as the connection is established. Finding the right timing is everything. 
-* Try also holding the router's INIT button, starting the "put" command, then releasing the button. 
-===Flashing WBR-G54 WLA-G54 WBR2-G54 WBR2-G54S===+===Configuration Notes===
 +* You must start to configure router from scratch. Do not try to use config files from older firmware versions.
-See [[Flash Your Buffalo WBR-G54, WLA-G54, ...]]+* It is strongly advised that you do not disable the "Boot Wait" option under the "Administration" tab. Boot Wait allows you recover if you flash your router improperly.
-also includes ''' WBR2-G54, WBR2-G54S'''+
- +
-===Flashing WHR-HP-AG108===+
- +
-See [[WHR-HP-AG108]]+
- +
-===Notes===+
-* Once you flash to DD-WRT on the Buffalo WHR-G54S/WHR-HP-G54/WZR-RS-G54 and you, for whatever reason, want to flash back to the Buffalo firmware, look in the downloads section of dd-wrt.com in the "buffalo factory revert" folder for '''unencrypted firmware''' that will load from the DD-WRT gui. The WHR-HP-G54 image is the German version. Download the English version from Buffalo's site. Flash the German version and use that to flash the English version.+
-* A hidden LED behind the front panel may blink on older models. It slightly lights up the bridge icon. This LED is not used in the Buffalo firmware, but in DD-WRT it will flash on for 2 seconds, then off for 2 seconds.+
-* For any future upgrades/downgrades of normal unencrypted firmwares (DD-WRT, etc), use the web interface of the router. See [[#Steps to Flash Through Web GUI|Steps to Flash Through Web GUI]].+
-* '''WARNING:''' One person reports: I had problems using the mini version of DD-WRT v23SP2 on my WHR-G54S. When using the (standard, full) generic version, everything worked fine. +
- +
-====Additional WHR-HP-G54 information====+
- +
-See [[WHR-HP-G54]]+
- +
-===Troubleshooting===+
-* If you experience problems a switch between the Buffalo and your PC may help.+
-* If you experience problems, you may need to erase NVRAM by starting a Telnet session and entering one (or both?) of the following Options:+
-* Option 1 :+
-<pre>mtd erase nvram</pre>+
-* Option 2 : (taken from [http://wiki.openwrt.org/Faq#head-71cacf8460752af3f5771d2fae54923ded5beb9c OpenWrt FAQ])+
-<pre>cd /tmp+
-wget http://openwrt.inf.fh-brs.de/~nbd/nvram-clean.sh+
-chmod a+x /tmp/nvram-clean.sh+
-/tmp/nvram-clean.sh+
-nvram commit+
-</pre>+
-* Search for posts in the forum containing "WHR-G54S" and the problem you are having.+
- +
-'''De-bricking'''+
- +
-* DD-WRT Wiki Article: [[Recover_from_a_Bad_Flash#Buffalo_WHR-G54S_and_Buffalo_WHR-HP-G54]]+
- +
-* Forums, search for "WHR-G54S bricked". There are enough debricking threads, you don't need to start your own.+
- +
-==Belkin F5D7230-4 v2xxx and Lower== +
-As this Belkin router comes in several versions, this firmware build will only work for Belkin router models up to v2000. v2000 has a different switching chip than earlier versions though, so you may lose the functionality of the switch and may only be able to connect wirelessly after flashing a v2000 Belkin (see instructions below for adding limited wired capability). v3000 should work, but attempts to flash it have been unsuccessful with current versions of DD-WRT. Attempting to flash a v3000 could brick your router. Version 4000 and higher appear to be based on the TI chipset found in the [[Linksys WRT54GC]]. v1000, and v1111, have 4&nbsp;MB flash ROMs while v1444 has only a 2&nbsp;MB flash. You have to flash the router with the 2&nbsp;MB micro firmware via TFTP. If you have a 4&nbsp;MB model, you can reflash the router with the full version generic firmware from within the routers web interface once you've followed this procedure. Unless you need the extra features, it is best to stick with the micro firmware since it is known to work better with this router.<br><br>+
-<b>Warning: These instructions will brick v1212 and v1213 Belkin F5D7231-4 routers, apparently without a hope of fixing them short of some rewiring.</b> See the forum posts here[http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=11631] for possible help un-bricking one of these units.<br>+
-<br>+
-# Download the latest micro firmware (dd-wrt.v23_micro_generic as of this writing)+
-# Reset router to factory defaults. Unplug the router.+
-# Connect your computer directly to one of the LAN ports on the router.+
-# The router starts up with IP address 192.168.2.1. Set your computer's IP address manually to the following setting: IP Address: 192.168.2.2, Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0, Default Gateway: leave blank. For more help with this step, study the instructions for the Buffalo router located above.+
-# Go to Start->Run->"cmd" and press Enter.+
-# Change your directory to the folder containing the firmware image. Ex. <code>cd "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Desktop"</code>+
-# Type <code>tftp -i 192.168.2.1 PUT (file name of firmware image)</code> For example: <code>tftp -i 192.168.2.1 PUT dd-wrt.v23_micro_generic.bin</code>. '''Do not press enter yet.''' +
-# Connect the power to the Belkin.+
-# All port LEDs will illuminate.+
-# After a few seconds, all LEDs except the one you are connected to will turn off. Wait exactly one second and hit enter to execute the command. If you get a timeout error just try again. (Also try running tftp right before powering up.) If you continue to have trouble with this step check out the alternative method below.+
-# The LED on the LAN port will flash rapidly for a while after which the power button will flash rapidly for a while. Be patient and wait for the power light to stop flashing. Wait a couple more seconds.+
-# Power cycle the router. (unplug the power, wait a few seconds, plug it back in).+
-# Set your IP address back to automatic (DHCP), or set it to something beginning with 192.168.1.+
-# The router is now accessible at http://192.168.1.1/+
-# The user name is 'root' and the password is 'admin'+
-# Enjoy your DD-WRT router+
- +
-'''Alternative for Flashing F5D7230-4'''+
- +
-If you don't enjoy spending hours, powering your Belkin router up and down. You can can try this procedure that worked for my v1444:+
- +
-# Follow steps listed in the method above until you finish the part where you set your computer's IP address to 192.168.2.2+
-# Goto www.linksys.com and goto their download page (You may want to do this first before you reset to the factory defaults in case resetting screws up your internet connection). If the site asks for your location, choose North America - USA.+
-# Download the firmware for BEFW11S4 - EtherFast Wireless AP + Cable/DSL Router w/4-Port Switch (Version 1.0).+
-# Extract the tftp.exe program from the zip file.+
-# Start tftp program and set server to: 192.168.2.1 and for the file part, put the location of your "dd-wrt.v23_micro_generic.bin" file. +
-# Set retries to 20.+
-# Powerup router.+
-# Click upgrade and then hit the reset button on your router. If program doesn't catch the Belkin's TFTP window, just hit reset again. The tftp program will let you know when it is upgrading and succeeds.+
- +
-This method caught the Belkin narrow tftp window on retry #11 vs. my 0 catches after 40 some tries using the power up and down method. Not sure if this will work on other version of the F5D7230-4. From what I have seen with my router, a successful installation will change the LEDs on the Belkin. WLAN LED does not work. Power LED will work and connected WAN LED will blink green. Good luck.+
- +
-After more than 50 unsuccessful attempts to flash my v1444 router I finally flashed my router using the alternative method described above, but only after using a hub or switch to connect the computer and the Belkin unit. All of my attempts with a direct connection between the router and the computer resulted in a timeout, but by using a hub or switch I had success on the first try. When trying to flash with a direct connection from the computer to the Belkin, it will never work. The connection fails when the router is unpluged or reset. By the time the connection is re-established, the Belkin is too far along in the boot process to accept the upgrade. So if you are having difficulty, like I did for so long, try the above method with a hub or switch connecting one of the LAN ports of the router to the computer.+
- +
-'''Second Alternative for Flashing F5D7230-4'''+
- +
-If you're having difficulty with either of the above methods (or just don't feel like going through all the hoops required) there is a much simpler method that may work.+
- +
-#Reset the router to factory defaults.+
-#Set your computer's IP address to 192.168.2.2 as described above.+
-#Plug your computer into the router and power the router on.+
-#In a command prompt (what you get by going to Run in the start menu) type out the tftp command line but <b>do not hit enter yet</b>.+
-#Press and release the reset button on the back of the router.+
-#Almost immediately hit enter in the command prompt to run the tftp command you typed out.+
-#If tftp tells you the file was sent successfully wait a few seconds, unplug the router, then plug it back in. If it says the connection timed out or the transfer failed, prepare the tftp command line again (hitting the up arrow key should do it) and repeat the previous two steps.+
-#Connect to 192.168.1.1 to configure (and enjoy) your vastly improved router.+
- +
-After trying the first two methods a few times (the first method several times in particular) I managed to get my v1444 flashed in one try (!) using this method. As such I am unsure of the exact delay between resetting the router and starting TFTP, but it was definitely less than a second. At the very least this method is much more enjoyable than unplugging and re-plugging your router over and over again.+
- +
-'''Linux Instructions for Flashing F5D7230-4'''+
- +
-* Set the IP address of your ethernet interface to be 192.168.2.2, netmask of 255.255.255.0+
- sudo ifconfig eth0 inet 192.168.2.2 netmask 255.255.255.0+
-* Make sure you have "tftp" installed.+
-* Start up tftp with the router switched off:+
- # '''tftp 192.168.2.1'''+
- tftp> '''verbose'''+
- Verbose mode on.+
- tftp> trace+
- Packet tracing on.+
- tftp> rexmt 1+
- tftp> '''binary'''+
- mode set to octet+
- tftp> '''status'''+
- Connected to 192.168.2.1.+
- Mode: octet Verbose: on Tracing: on+
- Rexmt-interval: 1 seconds, Max-timeout: 25 seconds+
- tftp> '''timeout 60'''+
-* Turn on the router after typing the following command:+
- tftp> '''put dd-wrt.v23_micro_generic.bin'''+
- putting dd-wrt.v23_micro_generic.bin to 192.168.2.1:dd-wrt.v23_micro_generic.bin [octet]+
- Sent 1746029 bytes in 14.8 seconds [943799 bits/sec]+
- tftp> +
-* When the lights stop rapidly blinking, reset the router.+
- +
-'''OSX Instructions for Flashing F5D7230-4'''+
- +
-* Make sure the router is on and plugged into your Mac's ethernet port+
-* Goto System Preferences and click on the Network icon+
-* In the selection box next to the word "Show:" select the Built-in Ethernet option+
-* Change the IPv4 Configuration to manually and set the IP address to 192.168.2.2 the subnet mask to 255.255.255.0 and the router to 192.168.2.1+
-* Click "Apply Now" and change the selection box next to "Show:" back to "Network Status"+
-* Unplug the power from the router and watch the green dot next to "Built-in Ethernet" turn red+
-* Open the Terminal application and type the following commands+
- tftp+
- tftp> connect 192.168.2.1+
- tftp> verbose+
- Verbose mode on.+
- tftp> ascii <font color=red><- [Edit: I think this is a typo, should be "binary"!]</font> +
- mode set to octet+
- tftp> status+
- Connected to 192.168.2.1.+
- Mode: octet Verbose: on Tracing: off+
- Rexmt-interval: 5 seconds, Max-timeout: 25 seconds+
- tftp> timeout 60+
-* Type the following but don't hit enter yet. Make sure you can still see the System Preferences window+
- tftp> put dd-wrt.v23_micro_generic.bin+
-* Now plug the router back in. As soon as you see the red dot next to "Built-in Ethernet" turn green, hit enter and the firmware should be flashed once the lights on the router stop blinking.+
-* In order to connect to the router you must first go back to the Network Preferences and change the IPv4 configuration back to DHCP and click "Renew DHCP Lease"+
- +
-'''Using v2000 Or FD57231-4 As A Wireless Client Or Access Point With DD-WRT'''<br>+
-(borrowed from http://forum.bsr-clan.de/ftopic8732.html)<br>+
-<br>+
-The Belkin F5D7230-4 v2000/FD57231-4 (with screws not under label) are still not completely+
-functional with DD-WRT, but it can be used as either a wireless access-point or a wireless client.+
-The reason for this limitation is due to the fact that the current robo-switch is unable to+
-properly configure the vlan with this router's implementation of the BCM5325EKQM switch chip.+
-By bypassing the vlan stuff we can get limited functionality from this router. In order to load DD-WRT micro you must tftp it on to the router. These instructions are for the v23 SP1 build of DD-WRT micro not the multi-language version which seems to have stripped out the reboot, ls and other shell commands.<br>+
-<br>+
-A) Belkin F5D7230-4 v2000 as a wireless client.<br>+
-1) Connect to the router wirelessly<br>+
-2) Telnet to the router and sign in or use a serial console cable<br>+
-3) Enter the commands below:<br>+
-nvram set lan_ifnames="eth0 vlan0"<br>+
-nvram set port0vlans=0<br>+
-nvram set lan_ifname=eth0<br>+
-nvram set wan_ifname=vlan1<br>+
-nvram set wan_ifnames=vlan1<br>+
-nvram commit<br>+
-reboot<br>+
-4) After the reboot, unplug the router and plug it back in. When it starts back up your+
-LAN ports should be active. The router's default IP address is 192.168.1.1. Just use+
-the web interface via the LAN port to configure the router as a wireless client.<br>+
-<br>+
-B) Belkin F5D7230-4 v2000 as a wireless access point<br>+
-1) Connect to the router wirelessly<br>+
-2) Telnet to the router and sign in or use a serial console cable<br>+
-3) Enter the commands below:<br>+
-nvram set lan_ifnames="vlan0 eth1"<br>+
-nvram set port0vlans=1<br>+
-nvram set remote_management=1<br>+
-nvram set lan_ifname="br0"<br>+
-nvram set wan_ifname=eth0<br>+
-nvram set wan_ifnames=eth0<br>+
-nvram commit<br>+
-reboot<br>+
-4) After the reboot, unplug the router and plug it back in. When it starts back up your+
-wan port should be active. The router's default IP address is 192.168.1.1. Just use+
-the web interface via the WLAN port to configure the router as an access-point.<br>+
-<br>+
-If you enter in the wrong setting or can not access your router you can always hold down the reset button to restore it to the factory defaults. Remember that we are bypassing all the vlan stuff so some of the web configurations will not work.<br>+
-==Belkin F5D7230-4 v2000 and v2000de==+
-This version has a different flash chip than the other versions, and it will enter a reboot loop if a special SF build is not used. If you have already flashed the device and it is in a reboot loop, you can still flash the correct build using tftp.+
- +
-This version also has a different switch chip so only wireless will work after flashing. Wired can be enabled, but the ports can only be set to either WAN or LAN. If you only have wireless clients or want to use it as an AP, Client Bridge, or Repeater; this is not a problem. However, you are not able to use this device as a wired router with wired clients.+
- +
-'''Flashing Instructions'''+
- +
-The SF builds for this device are currently available in the [http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/down.php?sort=date&order=desc&path=downloads/others/eko/ Eko Folder]. At the time of this writing, the latest SF build is dd-wrt.v24-9396_NEWD-SF_micro.bin+
- +
-Flashing method is the same as other versions.+
- +
-'''Enabling Wired Ports'''+
- +
-After flashing, the router will only be accessible through wireless.+
- +
-#Connect to the router over wireless. The default SSID is dd-wrt. You will be able to access the GUI at 192.168.1.1+
-#Telnet to 192.168.1.1 In Windows type telnet 192.168.1.1 in command prompt. The default username is '''root''' and password is '''admin'''+
-#Type the following commands:+
- +
-::nvram set Belkin_ver=2000<br>+
-::nvram commit<br>+
-::reboot<br>+
-The default setting is for all the ports to act as LAN ports.+
- +
-'''Setting Wired Ports to WAN'''+
- +
-It is not possible to set only the WAN port to WAN due to the switch chip in this version. You may set all the ports to WAN after following the above instructions for enabling wired ports. In this mode, you cannot connect any other wired devices other than WAN. If you are going to use the device as an AP or Client Bridge, this step is not needed.+
- +
-Connect to the router using wired or wireless and telnet to 192.168.1.1 as explained above.+
- +
-To use all ethernet ports as '''WAN''', set+
- +
-nvram set wan_to_lan=yes<br>+
-nvram commit<br>+
-reboot<br>+
- +
-To restore setting to '''LAN''' (default)+
- +
-nvram unset wan_to_lan<br>+
-nvram commit<br>+
-reboot<br>+
- +
-==Mitsubishi R100 Gateway==+
-The Mitsubishi R100 is a relabeled Asus WL500G that is only available in Australia. As such, you can use the Asus tools on the Mitsubishi product. The R100s are usually found at lower prices compared to the Asus product. They also come with a three year warranty. Obviously, flashing with a third-party firmware voids this warranty.+
- +
-==Asus WL500G (Original)==+
-You will need:+
-* A PC directly connect to one of the LAN ports of the router, via ethernet cable. (Unfortunately, it has to be a Windows based PC. I was unable to upload the firmware via tftp command. Maybe you'll have better luck with Linux). ''Note: Manually disable all installed NICs except the one you will use to connect to the router.''+
-* These two files: [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-clear-nvram.trx wl500g-clear-nvram.trx] (filesize: 1,585,152 bytes) and [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-recover.trx wl500g-recover.trx] (filesize: 3,690,496 bytes)+
-* '''Asus Firmware Restoration Tool'''. This is found on the CD that comes with the router OR Asus Support website [http://support.asus.com/download/download.aspx?SLanguage=en-us&model=WL-500g here]. Its hidden in <b>Utilities</b> section and named <b>Asus WL-500b/g wireless router utility program in English. Version 1.3.8.0</b> (for the English version). The file is called <b>Eng_1380.zip</b> (Use unzip app to decompress).+
-* DD-WRT v23 SP2+
- +
-This procedure was developed using the <b>Mitsubishi R100</b> router with the '''standard''' variant of DD-WRT. It should be identical with the '''Asus WL500G (Original)'''+
- +
-This process requires a bit of patience and persistance. The WL500G and the relabeled R100 are stubborn routers that need a bit of encouragement. Eventually, you will be successful with installing DD-WRT onto them.+
- +
-# Set the PC to have a static IP address of <b>192.168.1.10</b>, while the gateway entry is <b>192.168.1.1</b> <br>+
-# Before you plug the power connector in, press and hold the <b>Restore</b> or <b>Reset</b> button on the back. <br>+
-# While holding the reset button, plug the power connector in. <br>+
-# This causes it to go into <b>Restore mode</b>. This is indicated by the <b>PWR</b> LED flashing at regular intervals. <br>+
-# Now use the <b>Asus Firmware Restoration Tool</b> and upload <b>wl500g-clear-nvram.trx</b>. Wait until upload is complete and it reboots. This is usually takes about 2 to 3 minutes. <br>+
-# Once done, unplug the power connector. Wait for 30 seconds or so. <br>+
-# Repeat steps <b>2 to 6</b>, but upload <b>wl500g-recover.trx</b> instead. <br>+
-# Now plug the power connector back into the router. <br> +
-#* Try to ping the router from your PC. If it responds, then you are ready to upload DD-WRT firmware. Proceed to step <b>9</b>. <br>+
-#* If not, then repeat steps <b>2 to 7</b> until it does. <br> +
-#* If that fails, set the router in <b>Restore mode</b> (as mentioned in step <b>2 to 4</b>), but install DD-WRT firmware. Then wipe it off by repeating steps <b>2 to 8</b>. You must have it such that the router MUST respond to ping in <b>Restore mode</b>! <br>+
-# Install DD-WRT v23 SP2 Asus firmware using the <b>Asus Firmware Restoration Tool</b>. (The firmware file is called <b>dd-wrt.v23_asus.trx</b>). <br>+
-# Once done, wait for a few minutes until it reboots. This can be seen by the <b>AIR</b> LED flashing at regular periods. <br>+
-# Now try pinging the router with DD-WRT firmware installed. +
-#* If it responds, continue to step <b>12</b>. <br>+
-#* If it does NOT respond to pings, repeat steps <b>2 to 11</b>. Repeat until it responds with DD-WRT installed. <br>+
-# Login in via web browser by entering <b>http://192.168.1.1</b> and the default login is <b>root</b>, with the password <b>admin</b> <br>+
-# Enjoy your <b>R100</b> or <b>WL500G</b> with <u>DD-WRT v23 SP2</u>! :D <br>+
-<br>+
- +
-==Asus WL500G Deluxe==+
-First, you need a firmware file. If you're not sure, use the dd-wrt.v23_asus.trx from [http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/stable/dd-wrt.v23%20SP2/dd-wrt.v23_sp2_standard.zip]. +
- +
-There are three ways to upload DD-WRT on WL500G Deluxe:+
-<ol>+
-<li>Web interface (easiest, use this if unsure)</li>+
-<li>Asus recovery utility (Windows only)</li>+
-<li>TFTP</li>+
-</ol>+
-===Web interface===+
-The easiest way. If you can connect to the router and administer it via its web interface, skip to point 5:+
-<ol>+
-<li>Power up the router+
-<li> Connect via ethernet to one of the four LAN ports, or (untested) connect via wifi+
-<li> Obtain network settings via DHCP+
-<li> Point your browser of choice to http://192.168.1.1/ (use the IP address of the gateway, obtained in the previous point)+
-<li> Go to System Setup > Firmware Upgrade+
-<li> Upload the firmware file using the form provided.+
-<li> Wait until the page reloads, now with the DD-WRT interface. (This might fail as the IP address/URL will be different - in that case wait 3-5 minutes, or until the router has rebooted).+
-<li>Congragulations, the DD-WRT install has been completed.+
-</ol>+
- +
-===Asus recovery utility===+
-You can get the utilities [http://dlsvr03.asus.com/pub/ASUS/wireless/WL-500g-03/Eng_1380.zip here], or you can browse the Asus site to download the latest version. Asus only seem to provide these for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows Windows].<br>+
-<br>+
-In case you have multiple network interfaces and are unable to find you router, disable all but the one that is connected to your router.<br>+
-<br>+
-<ol>+
-<li> Remove the power connector of the WL500G.+
-<li> While holding the reset button, plug the power connector back in. (WL500gP - button labeled "restore")+
-<li>When the power LED flashes, release the reset button. The router now is in recovery mode.+
-<li>Wait for your PC to get an IP address (if dhcp is configured)+
-<li> Use the Asus recovery utility to upload the DD-WRT ''trx'' file.+
-<li> After the upgrade the router reboots and you should be able to access the web interface+
-</ol>+
-<br>+
-====Comments====+
-SSD: For my new WL-500g Deluxe, the recovery utility would appear to successfully upload the firmware (v23), but then I could not get it to boot... even after waiting several minutes and power cycling. The unit would also be unresponsive to ping requests. I could always successfully reload the original Asus firmware. TFTP methods were unsuccessful altogether, as tftp never seemed to establish contact with the router. Finally, I was able to boot DD-WRT by first flashing with OpenWRT (White Russian rc4), then using OpenWRT's firmware upload page to flash with DD-WRT.<br>+
-<br>+
-MopIC: I had very similar problem like SSD. Unfortunately, flashing in OpenWRT RC4 or any other software through Asus Restoration tool didn't help at all.<br>+
-My router is Asus WL-500G PCB R2.40.<br>+
-It acted as if it was constantly rebooting.<br>+
-The solution came from wl500.info website.<br>+
-http://wl700g.info/showthread.php?t=1606<br>+
-<br>+
-I had to do the following:<br>+
-1. Set my IP address on PC's interface to 192.168.1.10 (DHCP on Asus didn't work)<br>+
-2. Unplug power cord from wl-500g.<br>+
-3. Press and hold restore button and then insert power cord back into router.<br>+
-3a. When the PWR light starts flashing, release Restore button.<br>+
-3b. Now your wl-500g is in restore mode.<br>+
-4. Run Asus Firmware Restoration (can be found on asus website or included CD)<br>+
-5. Choose the [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-clear-nvram.trx wl500g-clear-nvram.trx] file and upload it to the router. Wait 2-3 minutes after.<br>+
-6. Unplug power and again enter restore mode (steps 2 and 3)<br>+
-7. Choose the [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-recover.trx wl500g-recover.trx] file and also upload it to your router. Wait 2-3 minutes<br>+
-8. Unplug power and again enter Restore mode (steps 2 and 3)<br>+
-9. Choose the firmware you wish to flash and upload. Wait 2-3 minutes. Reboot. I used DD-WRT v23 SP2 2006-1307 for Asus<br>+
-10. Now it should be ok - enter http://192.168.1.1 and check if it is ok :-)<br>+
-Hope it helps... for me it was couple hours to fix it...<br>+
- +
- +
-LFR: Upgrade was done out of the box with .trx file & worked straight, no need for recovery mode<br>+
-MrO: Does this also work on the WL-500g Premium?+
-TTSherpa: Yes it does. No problen going back an forth the original FW & DD-WRT<br>+
-DJ: While upgrading from SP1 to SP2, web GUI didn't work with .trx file. Renaming it to .bin worked.+
-QBA: WL-500g premium - used the asus recovery tool (from Eng_1380.zip) to upload v23-sp2 (dd-wrt.v23_vpn_asus.trx) in recovery mode on original asus out of the box firmware - works like a charm :-)+
- +
-===TFTP===+
- +
-The utility mentioned below might be the OpenWRT [http://openwrt.org/downloads/utils/flash.sh Flash] utility, although the syntax is different.+
- +
- +
-<i>posted by Evan Carrol sept 28, done with with WL-500gP:</i><br />+
-<blockquote>I just wanted to drop in my advice, I did this whole thing without the Asus proprietary utils. I used Linux tftp.+
-I had to use the aformentioned utils at http://wl700g.info/showthread.php?t=1606, +
-the only different thing I did was use TFTP. I went in the same order as the above but only gave my router+
-10 seconds between reboots:+
- +
-1) flash - tftp [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-clear-nvram.trx wl500g-clear-nvram.trx]<br>+
-2) 10 seconds unplug,<br>+
-3) flash - tftp [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-recover.trx wl500g-recover.trx]<br>+
-4) 10 seconds unplug,<br>+
-5) flash - tftp dd-wrt.v23_asus.trx<br>+
-6) 10 seconds unplug<br>+
-done.<br>+
-</blockquote>+
- +
-==Asus WL500G Premium==+
- +
-* Same as Deluxe.+
-* Recover from bad flash via Asus Firmware Restoration.+
-** Brick recovery can involve shorting pins. Easy enough if one's hands don't shake, but you void the warranty.+
-DD-WRTv23 SP2 ok so far ...+
- +
-Chickenboy: For brick recovery, you need to ground Pin 9 shown in this picture http://wl500g.info/attachment.php?attachmentid=905&stc=1&d=1153600992 ... Warning *You'll void your warranty & if you don't know what you're doing, you can permanently kill your router. DO AT YOUR OWN RISK! +
- +
-So far, I've uploaded faulty firmware 5 times and this technique has saved my router from being a paperweight.+
- +
-Birdy: For a thorough explanation on how to recover your bricked Asus WL500g Premium or WL500g Deluxe, browse to:+
-http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=2507+
- +
-** Posted by Atreus on 12-24-07 on WL-500G Premium and DD-WRT v23 sp2 **+
-This router is '''VERY''' easy to flash, especially from a Linux box. Most of the information on this guide is aimed at Windows users, but these steps are specifically aimed at Linux users, providing an easy way to flash the router without the proprietary Asus flashing tool.+
- +
-Note: This advice is assuming you are flashing the router from a Linux computer. Only flash on a wired connection.+
- +
-cn0rris: '''Notes about installation on Mac OS X''':+
-These steps should work fine on any computer with a tftp client, and Mac OS X specifically. I just followed them on my Mac OS X computer, and they worked just fine. +
- +
-cn0rris: Another Mac note: I don't know if this is particular to the WL-500G Premium, or the specific version of the software I am using (DD-WRT v24 RC6.2), but I found that I had to use FireFox rather than Safari. It would load the main page correctly, but as soon as I clicked on the Administration tab, it would fail. I presume there is a problem with HTTP Auth handling somewhere, that FireFox seems to handle correctly.+
- +
- +
-Requirements:+
- +
-*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tftp TFTP] If you are on a Debian box, simply typing ''apt-get install tftp'' will do the trick.+
-*[http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-clear-nvram.trx wl500g-clear-nvram.trx]+
-*[http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-recover.trx wl500g-recover.trx]+
-*The most recent stable release of DD-WRT from the [http://dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads.php downloads] page. Make sure you use the firmware specifically compiled for the Asus router. Check the readme included with the files, but it should be called something like dd-wrt.v**_asus.trx +
- +
- +
-*'''Step 1''': Connect your computer via Ethernet cable to a LAN port on the router (I used LAN port 1)+
-*'''Step 2''': Unplug the power cord from the router+
-*'''Step 3''': Wait 20 seconds+
-*'''Step 4''': Press and hold the reset button on the back of the router. Note that the reset button is recessed and you need a pen or paper clip to press it in. The button protruding from the back is the EZ Setup, which is not what you want to press.+
-*'''Step 5''': While holding the reset button, plug the power cord into the router. Continue to hold the reset button until the power light starts flashing. Let go of the reset button+
-*'''Step 6''': Use tftp to transfer wl500g-clear-nvram.trx to the router. The commands are as follows:+
- +
- +
-'''user@box:$''' tftp 192.168.1.1+
- +
-'''>''' mode binary+
- +
-'''>''' put wl500g-clear-nvram.trx+
- +
- +
-*'''Step 7''': Tftp should report a successful file transfer in 7-15 seconds. Wait 2-3 minutes after that before unplugging the router+
-*'''Step 8''': Unplug the router, wait 20 seconds. Hold the reset button and plug the power cord into the router, continuing to hold the reset button until the power light flashes. Release the reset button.+
-*'''Step 9''': Use tftp to transfer wl500g-recover.trx to the router. Same method as above, just change the file name. Wait 2-3 minutes after tftp reports a successful file transfer before unplugging the router.+
-*'''Step 10''': Unplug the router, wait 20 seconds. Hold the reset button and plug the power cord into the router, continuing to hold the reset button until the power light flashes. Release the reset button.+
-*'''Step 11''': Use tftp to transfer the DD-WRT firmware to the router. MAKE SURE YOU USE THE CORRECT FILE. It should be be called something like dd-wrt.v**_asus.trx Do not upload a .bin file.+
-*'''Step 12''': Wait 2-3 minutes after tftp reports a successful file transfer before unplugging the router. Unplug the power cord from the router, wait 20 seconds, and plug the power cord back into the router.+
- +
- +
-The router should now boot to DD-WRT firmware. Go to [http://192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1] to confirm. You may need to power cycle your cable modem (if applicable) to get an internet connection.+
- +
- +
-'''Notes''': You may need to manually specify your computers IP address (in order to use tftp to upload the files) if for some reason DHCP is not working. I did not need to do this, but if you cannot establish a connection to the router try the following settings:+
- +
-ip: 192.168.1.10+
- +
-mask: 255.255.255.0+
- +
-router: 192.168.1.1+
- +
-dns: 192.168.1.1+
- +
-==Asus WL500W ==+
-* Same as Deluxe (Asus WL500G Deluxe).+
-* Recover from bad flash via Asus Firmware Restoration.+
-* Requires v24 RC3 or later+
- +
-Thought a recap might help from an off the shelf installation December 2007. Similar to the Asus WL500G Deluxe setup (it's a touch redundant).<br>+
- +
-Tools:+
-* laptop+
-* RJ45 cable in box+
-* Downloaded all the images and instructions. +
- * wl500g-clear-nvram.trx [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-clear-nvram.trx wl500g-clear-nvram.trx]+
- * wl500g-recover.trx [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-recover.trx wl500g-recover.trx ]+
- * [http://dlsvr01.asus.com/pub/ASUS/wireless/WL-500W/UT_WL500W_3180.rar Assus Router Utilty UT_WL500W_3180]+
- * temporary DD-WRT firmware: dd-wrt.v24rc5_mini_asus.trx+
- * actual final firmware image: dd-wrt.v24rc5_vpn_generic.bin (added the rc5 to filename when DL)+
- +
-Process:<br>+
-- remember to disable your wireless NIC, used the ethernet NIC <br>+
-1. installed the utilties sofware on laptop Asus WL-500W wireless router utility,version 3.1.8.0 <br>+
-2. connected laptop to LAN port 1 with RJ45 cable <br>+
-3. Booted up the router. DHCP seemed to work automatically. LAN connected. <br>+
-4. Used the 'Asus Tools --> Device Discovery' application and doubleckicked on the router 'WL-500W' in the on screen box. It opens a new web page with the device menu options. May have to login as admin/admin. <br>+
-5. (Skip this step) Used the onscreen menus to find the firmware update window. I was curious to see the actual Asus firware and the features like USB so I updated it to the newest version [http://dlsvr01.asus.com/pub/ASUS/wireless/WL-500W/FW_WL500W_1988_EN_CN_TW.rar WL500W_1988]. File is on the Asus website. You can skip this step. Reboot Router. <br>+
-6. Changed my ethernet NIC to manual TCP/IP setting on the laptop: 192.168.1.10 (DHCP on asus won't work for next steps) <br>+
-7. Make sure you can connect or see the router Ex. Asus Utilty --> Device Discovery or ping 192.168.1.1 should also work <br>+
- +
-The REAL work: <br>+
-8. Unplug power cord from wl-500g.<br>+
-9. Press and hold restore button and then insert power cord back into router.+
- When the PWR light starts flashing, release Restore button.+
- Now your wl-500g is in restore mode.+
-<br>10. Run Asus Firmware Restoration (can be found on asus website, Router Utilities software or included CD). Asus Utility --> Firmware Restoration.<br>+
-11. Choose the [http://wl500g.dyndns.org/wl500g-recover.trx link wl500g-recover.trx] file and also upload it to your router. Wait 2-3 minutes. NOTE I skipped the clear.trx image load and it worked for me. but if doesn't for you then look at the WL500G setup instructions. And Yes I used the wl500g images or trx files for this. <br>+
-12. Unplug power and again enter Restore mode (steps 8 and 9) <br>+
-13. Choose the firmware you wish to flash and upload with the Firmware Restoration utiltity. Wait 2-3 minutes. Reboot. I used the dd-wrt.v24rc5_mini_asus.trx image. <br>+
-14. see if you are you able to connect to the router 192.168.1.1. Logon to DD-WRT web interface with root/admin. <br>+
-15. Use DDR-WRTs web interface to upload the image e.g. dd-wrt.v24rc5_vpn_generic.bin <br>+
-16. Voilà! Done. Reset your laptop's ethernet NIC to DHCP or automatically detect IP address. <br>+
- +
-Questions/Issues: <br>+
- +
-If you are getting error with the Firmware Restoration utility not finding the router (I could never get it to work), use the tftp upload method but follow the same instruction as above. Use a [http://www.tftp-server.com/tftp-client.html Windows tftp-client] and run tftp -i 192.168.1.1 PUT file.trx. <br>+
-After uploading, wait 3 min before pulling the power-cord and move to the next step.<br>+
-Why would I use this router? I found Linksys 54GS/L were much easier to use and install. Cannot uprgrade the antennas without destroying the case..<br>+
-- But the WL500W is still relatively cheap (under US$100 - Apr08), with 8M flash so you have a 4M jffs partition.<br>+
-- To use the USB storage, after mounting jffs/cleanfs, follow instruction [http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/USB_storage USB_storage]. I got my 4G usb-key to work easily<br>+
- +
-==Asus WL550gE==+
- +
-* Same as Deluxe.+
-* Recover from bad flash via Asus Firmware Restoration.+
-** Brick recovery can involve shorting pins. Easy enough if one's hands don't shake, but you void the warranty.+
-DD-WRTv23 SP2 ok so far ...+
-Does USB ports still working after instalation?+
- +
-==Asus WL520GC==+
- +
-* Same as Deluxe.+
-* I used a static IP address on my PC because DHCP seemed to slow down the router.+
-* dd-wrt.v24_micro_generic (RC6.2?) works just fine, I used the latest version Asus tool.+
-* No problems so far using it as a client bridge (Xbox), router is nothing special, but it is possibly the cheapest wireless device around here, so makes for a good budget wireless device once flashed.+
- +
-Edit: latest stable release (v23) doesn't work (seems to lock up the router), haven't tried earlier versions, v24 rc6.2 generic works flawlessly. Used the web-based firmware flash.+
- +
-==Asus WL520GU==+
- +
-* Same as Deluxe.+
- +
-- Tools: ASUS utility version 3.3.7.0<br>+
-- Firmware that I use: DD-WRT v24 RC6.2 (dd-wrt.v24_std_generic.bin)+
-<br>download from http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/release&nbsp;candidates/DD-WRT&nbsp;v24&nbsp;RC6.2/Broadcom/Asus/WL520GU+
- +
- 1. Power off the WL520GU.+
- 2. Press & hold the reset button, then power on.+
- 3. When the power LED flashes, release the reset button. The router now is in recovery mode.+
- 4. Wait for your PC to get an IP address (if dhcp is configured).+
- 5. Use the Asus utility (Firmware Restoration) to upload the DD-WRT file (dd-wrt.v24_std_generic.bin) & wait.+
- 6. After the upgrade the router reboots and the LED lights become normal.+
- 7. Done!+
- +
-Router Default IP: 192.168.1.1<br>+
-name: root<br>+
-pass: admin<br>+
- +
-==Microsoft MN700==+
- +
-* See [[MN-700]] Page - summary of steps include:+
-** Similar to Asus Deluxe.+
-** First perform MN-700 hack to enable Linux based firmware to be installed.+
-** Install DD-WRT firmware using Asus Recovery Utility in recovery mode+
-** Clear filter_services variables if necessary (SP2 and earlier)+
- +
-v23 SP2 and earlier work but require filter_service nvram variables to be cleared and reset button does not work.<br />+
-Full support in SVN 3949+ (you can get SVN 3953 [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=4770 here])+
- +
-==Siemens SE505==+
-DD-WRT v23 (starting from 27/10/05 version) does now officially support the Siemens Gigaset SE505 router. That means you can use the very latest features like WPA2 on this unit too. Due the limited RAM of this unit, you cannot use all features at the same time, but from the base it is much better than the original firmware for this router. +
- +
-[[Flash Your Siemens SE505]]+
- +
- +
-'''Related Links'''+
- +
-* [http://www.dslrouter-hilfe.de/home/siemens-reset.php Reset to Default Firmware] (German)+
-* [http://wiki.opennet-initiative.de/index.php/Siemens_SE505 Differences between SE505 version 1 and 2]+
- +
-==Motorola WR850G==+
-See [[Flash Your Motorola WR850G]]+
- +
- +
-==Mikrotik Routerboard RB/532==+
-Mikrotik Routerboard RB/532 is supported starting with DD-WRT v23 SP1. See [[Mikrotik Routerboard RB/532]].+
- +
-==[[LaFonera_(en)]]==+
-See [[LaFonera_Software_Flashing]] Page.+
- +
-==[[Ubiquiti Litestation 2 (LS2)]]==+
-See [[LaFonera_Software_Flashing]] Page. (use only the LS2 binaries provided, instead of the Fonera ones)+
- +
-==[[Accton MR3202A]]==+
-See [[LaFonera_Software_Flashing]] Page. (use only the MR3202A binaries provided, instead of the Fonera ones)+
- +
-==Gateworks Avila Network Processor GW2348==+
-<div style='color:red; font-weight:bold'>Please note: The details in these instructions apply specifically to the GW2348-4 board.+
-If you are using a GW2348-2 or GW2347 there are subtle but important differences in the flashing commands you must use. See the+
-file FLASHING.TXT for details.</div>+
- +
-The Gateworks GW234x series Network Processor boards provide an excellent platform for building high performance+
-wireless networks using DD-WRT firmware. They are well built, flexible, and relatively much lower in cost than most+
-commercial alternatives.+
- +
-For more information see: [[Avila Gateworks GW234x]]+
- +
-Installing DD-WRT on the GW2348 board is relatively simple. To install the firmware you will need the following tools:+
-* Computer (I use a laptop with wireless internet connectivity as well as an ethernet port)+
-* DC power supply (12 to 24&nbsp;V, 1&nbsp;A)+
-* Coaxial power plug (2.5&nbsp;mm x 5.5&nbsp;mm available from Radio Shack)+
-* 9 pin serial cable+
-* Ethernet cable+
- +
-Before you begin you will need to download and install some tools unless you already have them. If you don't already+
-have one, download a TFTP server for your computer. I use [http://tftpd32.jounin.net '''TFTPD32'''] which is free and works+
-quite well. You will also need a terminal program to communicate with the GW2348 over its serial port. I use+
-Hyperterminal which comes with Windows XP but you can use another if you wish. What is important is that you configure+
-it with the following settings:+
-* Speed: 115200 Baud+
-* Parity: None+
-* Data Bits: 8+
-* Stop Bits: 1+
-* Flow Control: None+
- +
-[[Image:gw2348-4_firstboot_tools4b.png]][[Image:gw2348-4_firstboot_tools2.png]]+
- +
-You will also need to download a copy of the firmware from the [http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads.php DD-WRT Downloads]+
-section of the website. The firmware is (as of this writing) located under the '''beta''' subsection in a directory called '''AVILA GATEWORKS'''.+
-The first file you should get is [http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/down.php?path=downloads%2Fbeta%2FAVILA%20GATEWORKS%2F&download=flashing.txt flashing.txt] which describes, albeit in very abbreviated terms, the essential information required to complete the process of flashing DD-WRT firmware onto the GW2348 board. Next, choose the build that you are comfortable with (generally the most recent) and download '''''root.fs''''' and '''''zimage'''''.+
-These two files should be saved in the '''TFTP Root''' directory you created when you installed [http://tftpd32.jounin.net '''TFTPD32''']. For the purposes of these instructions you will not need to download the file ''gateworx-firmware-squashfs.bin'' as we won't be using it. While you are on the DD-WRT website, visit the online store and purchase an activation key for the GATEWORKS firmware.+
- +
-When all the files have been downloaded and installed as needed in the computer it is time to set up the computer to connect to the GW2348 board. Plug the serial cable between the serial port on the computer and the serial port on the GW2348. Connect the ethernet cable between the ethernet port on the computer and the eth0 port on the GW2348. The eth0 port is the one closest to the power connector on the GW2348. Next, open the '''Windows control panel''' and go into the ''network connections'' page. Select the local area connection item that corresponds to the ethernet adapter you connected to the GW2348. Manually configure the TCP/IP settings of this ethernet adapter as follows:+
-* Manually Specified Address (no DHCP)+
-* IP ADDRESS: 192.168.3.1+
-* SUBNET MASK: 255.255.255.0+
-Remove any reference to a GATEWAY address as well as references to DNS servers on this adapter's configuration. +
- +
-You are now ready to power up the GW2348 for the first time. To do this you will need to connect your 24 volt DC power supply to the coaxial power connector so that the '''negative (-)''' terminal of the supply is connected to the '''outer sleeve''' of the connector and the '''Positive (+)''' terminal is connected to the '''center conductor'''. Remember to start up Hyperterminal (or your terminal package of choice) with the settings shown in the image above.+
-Plug in the power to the GW2348 and turn on the power supply. If no smoke comes from the board the ethernet port lights should flicker and then come on. At about the same time Windows should report that the Ethernet port is connected at 100&nbsp;Mb/s and text should start to appear on the Hyperterminal screen looking something like this:+
- +
- +No devices on IDE controller 0+
- +
- Trying NPE-B...success. Using NPE-B with PHY 0.+
- Ethernet eth0: MAC address 00:d0:12:xx:xx:xx+
- IP: 192.168.3.2/255.255.255.0, Gateway: 0.0.0.0+
- Default server: 192.168.3.1+
- +
- RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [ROM]+
- Gateworks certified release, version 2.02 - built 05:22:19, Mar 3 2006+
- +
- Platform: Gateworks Avila GW234X (IXP42X 533MHz) BE+
- Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Red Hat, Inc.+
- Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Gateworks Corporation+
- +
- RAM: 0x00000000-0x04000000, [0x000298b0-0x03fc1000] available+
- FLASH: 0x50000000 - 0x51000000, 128 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.+
- == Executing boot script in 2.500 seconds - enter ^C to abort+
- +
-After a couple of seconds (2 and 1/2 to be exact) the text will continue scrolling by. When it is finished open a web browser and type in+
-the URL http://192.168.3.2/. This should give you a basic web page from the embedded copy of Linux that is running on the GW2348. If you have gotten this far you have a working GW2348 and are ready to flash in a copy of DD-WRT. be sure to start up the TFTPd32 program with both the root.fs and zimage files in the tftpd root directory. Remember to set the TFTP server address to 192.168.3.1. This is easiest to do while the GW2348 is still turned on and the ethernet port is active.+
-[[Image:Gw2348-4 firstboot tools3.png]]+
-Unplug the power (or switch off the supply) to the GW2348 and then make sure that the Hyperterminal program is running. Also bring up a text editor such as "Notepad" and open the ''flashing.txt'' file you downloaded from the DD-WRT website when you were downloading the DD-WRT image files. You will be referring to this file during the next phase of the process and will probably be copying and pasting lines from it into the Hyperterminal window since this will save a lot of tedious typing and will likely reduce thechances of making an unfortunate error.+
- +
-It's time to begin the flashing process in earnest now. Here goes nothing... Plug in the GW2348 power supply while watching the Hyperterminal Window. When you see the line:+
- +
- == Executing boot script in 2.500 seconds - enter ^C to abort+
- +
-you have 2 and one half seconds to hit CTRL-C. When you do you should see a prompt that looks like this:+
- +
- ^C+
- RedBoot>+
- +
-At this prompt enter the line:+
- +
- fis init -f+
- +
-The GW2348 will respond with:+
- +
- About to initialize [format] FLASH image system - continue (y/n)?+
- +
-As long as you are ready to continue enter a '''Y''' to get the following response:+
- +
- *** Initialize FLASH Image System+
- ... Erase from 0x50080000-0x50fe0000: ...............................+
- .....................................................................+
- .......................+
- ... Unlock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Erase from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Program from 0x03fe0000-0x04000000 at 0x50fe0000: .+
- ... Lock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- RedBoot>+
- +
-Enter the following line: (you may want to refer to the flashing.txt file for this and subsequent lines to enter since they could change in future builds)+
- +
- load -r -v -b 0x00800000 zImage+
- +
-At this point you will find out for sure if your TFTP server is working correctly. If it isn't you will get something like this:+
- +
- Using default protocol (TFTP)+
- __udp_sendto: Can't find address of server+
- Can't load 'zImage': some sort of network error+
- RedBoot>+
- +
-When I got this message it was because I had forgotten to set my TFTP server to use 192.168.3.1 as its address so it was not seeing the TFTP request coming from the GW2348. I changed the setting and then the reply coming from the GW2348 looked like this:+
- +
- Using default protocol (TFTP)+
- /+
- Raw file loaded 0x00800000-0x00967c93, assumed entry at 0x00800000+
- RedBoot>+
- +
-This took several seconds as the zimage file was downloaded to the Gateworks board from my computer. After this completes execute the following command:+
- +
- fis create -b 0x00800000 -f 0x050080000 -l 0x00200000 -r 0x00800000 linux+
- +
-The response should look like this:+
- +
- ... Erase from 0x50080000-0x50280000: ................+
- ... Program from 0x00800000-0x00a00000 at 0x50080000: ................+
- ... Unlock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Erase from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Program from 0x03fe0000-0x04000000 at 0x50fe0000: .+
- ... Lock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- RedBoot>+
- +
-Then enter this command:+
- +
- fis create -n linux+
- +
-You will get a caution message:+
- +
- An image named 'linux' exists - continue (y/n)? y+
- * CAUTION * about to program 'linux'+
- at 0x50080000..0x501e7c93 from 0x00800000 - continue (y/n)? y+
- +
-The message repeats twice since this is when you are actually overwriting the original version of Linux installed on the board. They really want you to be sure and it is+
-wise to reread your command line to be sure that you aren't doing something stupid... but forge ahead... The GW2348 will respond:+
- +
- ... Unlock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Erase from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Program from 0x03fe0000-0x04000000 at 0x50fe0000: .+
- ... Lock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- RedBoot> +
- +
-Now it is time to TFTP in the second file (root.fs):+
- +
- load -r -v -b 0x00800000 root.fs+
- +
-If all is working well the response should look something like this:+
- +
- Using default protocol (TFTP)+
- /+
- Raw file loaded 0x00800000-0x00d13fff, assumed entry at 0x00800000+
- RedBoot>+
- +
-When the loading of the root filesystem is complete (it will take a few seconds because it is a large file) you will create several files+
-The first looks like this:+
- +
- fis create -b 0x00800000 -f 0x050280000 -l 0x00D20000 ramdisk+
- +
-The response from the GW2348 will look like:+
- +
- ... Erase from 0x50280000-0x50fa0000: ...............................+
- .....................................................................+
- .....+
- ... Program from 0x00800000-0x01520000 at 0x50280000: ...............+
- .....................................................................+
- .....................+
- ... Unlock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Erase from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Program from 0x03fe0000-0x04000000 at 0x50fe0000: .+
- ... Lock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- +
-Programming this block of the flash memory takes quite a while because it is a very large file. You will now do two more similar commands+
-that will execute in exactly the same way but will finish much faster. They are:+
- +
- fis create -b 0x00800000 -f 0x050FA0000 -l 0x00020000 mampf+
- +
-and...+
- +
- fis create -b 0x00800000 -f 0x050FC0000 -l 0x00020000 nvram+
- +
-When these are done we will run the '''fconfig''' utility at the '''RedBoot>''' prompt. The GW2348's output is shown in regular type. Your entries+
-are shown in ''italic:''+
- +
- RedBoot> '''''fconfig'''''+
- Run script at boot: '''''true'''''+
- Boot script: +
- .. fis load ramdisk+
- .. fis load zimage+
- .. exec+
- Enter script, terminate with empty line+
- >> '''''fis load linux'''''+
- >> '''''exec'''''+
- >> +
- Boot script timeout (100ms resolution): '''''25'''''+
- Use BOOTP for network configuration: '''''false'''''+
- Gateway IP address: +
- Local IP address: '''''192.168.1.1'''''+
- Local IP address mask: '''''255.255.255.0'''''+
- Default server IP address: '''''192.168.1.2'''''+
- Console baud rate: '''''115200'''''+
- GDB connection port: '''''9000'''''+
- Force console for special debug messages: '''''false'''''+
- Network debug at boot time: '''''false'''''+
- Default network device: '''''npe_eth0'''''+
- Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? '''''y'''''+
- ... Unlock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Erase from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- ... Program from 0x03fe0000-0x04000000 at 0x50fe0000: .+
- ... Lock from 0x50fe0000-0x51000000: .+
- RedBoot>+
- +
-Many of these values will be automatically filled in. You only need to backspace and edit to change them. Otherwise you can simply hit enter for the next line.+
-when the computer pauses on a blank line that needs to remain blank such as the '''gateway address''' just hit enter to proceed to the next line. When you have finished and are at the '''RedBoot>''' prompt you are ready to reboot the GW2348. Before you do this you will need to make a few changes in your computer configuration. First, shut down the TFTP server. You won't be needing it. Then open the '''control panel''' and go back to the ''network connections'' page and change your IP address on the ethernet adapter from '''192.168.3.1''' to '''192.168.1.2.''' Now, start up a web browser and type in the URL http://192.168.1.1 but don't hit enter just yet... Unplug the power to the GW2348 and repower it. Wait about 30-45 seconds then hit enter on the web browser. You should get a page that looks a lot like the one shown below:+
- +
-[[Image:Gw2348-4 firstboot registration 1.png]]+
- +
-If you have gotten this far successfully you have done the hard part. All that remains is to register the board using the web based registration server at DD-WRT.+
-It might be a good time now to copy that big '''system key''' that is on the web page to the clipboard. After doing that, start up a second browser (here is where having that wireless internet connectivity comes in handy) and browse back to the DD-WRT website and go to the [http://www.dd-wrt.com/shop/catalog DD-WRT shop] where you will need to log in with the '''email address''' and '''password''' you used when you bought your activation key. When you go to '''My Account''' you will see a link to the ''Activation Center'' at the bottom of the page. click on it and you will be taken to a page where you can paste in that hairy long '''system key''' from the clipboard and generate an activation key that you can take back to the first browser and paste into the available space as shown below:+
- +
-[[Image:Gw2348-4 firstboot registration 3.png]]+
- +
-When you press the activate button the board will reboot and you may have to restart your browser to get it to display properly but you should get the familiar DD-WRT main screen. The username and password are "root" and "admin" just like other DD-WRT versions. You can now power down the board and install up to four mini-PCI radio cards and start to have fun. Remember though that if you are using high power cards you will need a power supply with adequate voltage and current.+
 +===If something goes wrong===
 +* If your router fails to reboot (power light doesn't stop flashing, no web interface, etc) you will need to [[Recover from a Bad Flash]]. Additional help can be found by doing a [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/search.php forum search].
 +*The peacock thread's section on bricked routers ([http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=51486]) can help you to identify if you have a real problem or not.
-[[Category:English documentation]]+[[Category:Documentation| ]]
 +[[Category:Flashing networking hardware| ]]
 +[[Category:Categories| ]]

Current revision

Installing DD-WRT on a router in most cases is almost as simple as installing a program onto your computer. However, doing it incorrectly can leave you with a router that you have to throw away. Installing programs on a router, known as firmware, are achieved by a method called flashing. This article helps you determine which installation process is for you on your supported router, as well as giving router suggestions and information about flashing each one.


Contents

[edit] Choosing the Correct Firmware - Extremely Important

[edit] Is Your Router Supported?

Please check the router database first.

If your router is not listed there, check the following wiki pages:

For a list of devices working with DD-WRT, please see Supported Devices.

For a list of devices not working with DD-WRT please see Known incompatible devices.

If your device is supported, you may find specific information in the Hardware-specific page for your router. However, to avoid Bricking your router, please finish reading this entire page first. You will then want to follow what is written for your particular device.

[edit] Which router should I buy?

For a list of recommended devices for installing DD-WRT, please see Which router should I buy?

[edit] Before You Download, Upgrade, or Flash

Before you try to take any actions, including loading any firmware to your router....read the English Broadcom Forum Announcement entitled Peacock Thread It contains more information than just for those who are having problems. BROADCOM ONLY INFO MOSTLY. Unfortunately, skipping this step leads many to brick (break) their routers.

Start there... do some research... then ask questions. Don't just load V24-Final or SP1. (Read the English Broadcom Forum Announcements referenced above to find out why). The user-friendly dd-wrt download page will help you identify the correct "killer" and dd-wrt firmware versions (as applicable) for your device as needed. However, you must use the peacock thread and use the information in the Hardware-specific page to accurately identify your hardware and not create a problem that renders your router useless.

After you have read THIS page, and gotten some background on the peacock page, the Hardware-specific page may be the most useful page for you in terms of identifying your router, figuring out what files you need to download (including instructions), and figuring out the correct installation procedures.

[edit] Identifying Your DD-WRT Firmware

  • Use the brand-specific information in the Hardware-specific page to accurately identify which model you have. Start with the main brand heading (ie, "Linksys"). Use that information - instead of just going by what model you think you have - clock.
  • As the peacock thread mentions, using the incorrect file is one of the worst things you can do. Fortunately, dd-wrt has simplified this immensely with their search format. Once you have identified your router accurately, you may be able to go straight to DD-WRT Downloads page and find the files you need. Again, check the Hardware-specific page for links to detailed instructions that may indicate how many files you need, etc (- clock).
  • Some newer routers are not supported by the latest stable release. Check the Supported Devices list for the minimum required DD-WRT version for your device. You may need to use an SVN or experimental build.
    • For a comparison of the builds, see Version Features.
    • Updating through the Web GUI (ie, the routers's online interface) means you need to use the _generic version.
    • Use the _mini version when upgrading from original Linksys firmware. You need the _micro version if your hardware has 2 MB of flash (WRT54G v5 through v8 for instance). Use the "_mini" firmware if your hardware has 4 MB or more of flash (WRT54GL for instance). The maximum filesizes in Bytes are listed here under Maximum firmware size. (Again, use the download page's search function for help here - clock).
  • Read the Changelog, the timeline and all other information files on the download pages. They contain important information!

[edit] Downloading Your DD-WRT Firmware

See: Where do I download firmware

[edit] Precautions

If still running OEM firmware version on an old router (usually with 2MB flash), a "kill" firmware program file may be required first. The process of installing that firmware is probably covered in the Hardware-specific page under your device. It will be similar to simply repeating the overall installation process below, but using the specific "kill" file.

Follow all the instructions precisely, or you may run into trouble. Incorrectly flashing can brick your router!

NOTE: See Web Interface - Username and Password for information about valid password characters.

[edit] Do Prior Research

Read the Firmware FAQ.

  1. Failing to prepare and do your background research can cause considerable frustration, wasted time, and render your router useless (bricked). In other words, you may have to literally throw it away and/or spend a lot of time recovering it. With some research, you'll save hours of time and frustration.
  2. It is recommended that you first read your specific device wiki, if available. For Broadcom devices read the [1] Peacock announcement] as a pre-ARM reference.
  3. Be careful about implementation (actually flashing) on this wiki as compared to what is recommended as a guide for your router under Hardware-specific. However, reviewing this wiki will be important for overall understanding.

[edit] General

  1. Do not skip resets before or after firmware updates unless you know what you're doing.
  2. Do NOT flash your firmware over an SSL (HTTPS) connection. Make sure you are using HTTP.

[edit] Prepare to Go Offline

  1. You will not have internet access through the router during the process of replacing the firmware. You are going to do almost everything offline with a LAN connection to your router (how to Disable your wireless). Given the many types of problems you can encounter that can prohibit you from getting help, the process of reactivating and deactivating your security settings if you actually can get back online, and the likelihood for browser crashes if you try to just keep the pages up, you will need to download everything you need before you start. This will allow you to review the information offline in the event that something goes wrong.
  2. Windows Vista users may need to Disable Compound TCP.
  3. Note or screenshot the current settings for future reference, especially if you have static IP addresses.
    1. It can be essential to record your current WAN MAC address. Some ISPs do not allow an immediate change of the routing hardware without a phone call. Check the GUI and router label for the WAN MAC.
  4. Have a secondary router or internet connection available while experimenting with your router's firmware, to expedite any trouble shooting and remove the risk of becoming stranded.
    1. If you have a cable modem which connects to your router with ethernet, you can plug your PC straight into the modem should you have any problems. Your PC will be assigned your external IP with DHCP, and you will be on the net. Remember to use a software firewall.
  5. Recommended: PDF or save the following for offline reference e.g. File->Save As to html (NOT a bookmark)
    • The installation page for your specific router as found though the Hardware-specific page.
    • The [2] Peacock announcement.
    • This Installation wiki.
    • Recover from a Bad Flash.
    • FAQs [3]
    • Tftp Flash instruction [4] if applicable. It describes how you may have to enable Tftp, which is very quick and easy (just one check box). You may need to be prepared to use Tftp even if you do not plan to use it.
    • The Wikipedia instructions for Compound TCP, if applicable (Vista, etc), available at: [5].
  6. In addition, you will probably also need:
    • The Tftp.exe file, if applicable (execute it from the Tftp [6] link above, and just leave it open).
    • First ("killer") flash file, if applicable.
    • Second (DD-WRT) flash file. (In some cases, this may be the only file you need.)

[edit] Going Offline/Before Implementation

  1. Do NOT use a wireless connection to GUI upload firmware. Use a wired (LAN) connection.
  2. Disable any wireless adapters (see the right way to do it) on your system to ensure that none are used for the transfer.
  3. Recommended: AFTER you are offline, disable your anti-virus software, as as a false positive detection could interrupt the upload. Disable all firewalls and security (see Disable Security. Restore security measures before going back online.

[edit] Flashing Your Router with DD-WRT Firmware

Three methods of flashing are covered below: using the router's online interface (Method 1), via TFTP (Method 2), and with the Command Line Interface (Method 3 - use this if wirelessly connected). The router model and/or location may dictate what you use.

[edit] Method 1: Flashing with Web GUI

These instructions are very generic. Search the wiki, Supported Devices, and DD-WRT download page for your specific device.

  1. Reset your router
    1. This is probably not needed, but if the memory or nvram is almost full, a firmware update can brick it. Thus it is recommended at least until are familiar with the particular device.
    2. See Reset And Reboot and note the default IP address. If not listed on the router label see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]
    3. Perform a GUI reset (Administration->Factory Defaults in DD-WRT) or use an alternate method:
      • Hard reset. WARNING: some devices should not use 30/30/30, including all ARM devices.
      • Reset button: with the router running normally, hold the reset button until the lights flash (or up to 30 sec). Be careful when using this method! Research the functionality of your current firmware to be safe.)
  2. Log in to the Web GUI
    1. Javascript is required for the Web interface. Try a different browser if having issues.
    2. Access the GUI via the router IP address. The default for DD-WRT and many devices is [192.168.1.1], or see [wikidevi.com Wikidevi]. If the IP address is unknown, see Obtaining Router IP. If still having issues, erase the nvram.
    3. You will be prompted for username and password. (If your router already has a DD-WRT versions starting with 2006-Feb-28, the default username is root. Prior versions have a blank username by default. For Linksys firmware, the default username can be left blank or set to anything. For both DD-WRT and Linksys firmware, the default password is admin. Search online for other defaults on other routers).
  3. Upload the Firmware
    1. NOTE: Multiple flashes may be needed if flashing from OEM firmware. See the FAQ download file details.
    2. WARNING:DO NOT interrupt the setup while the router is being flashed and rebooted. Do not turn off the computer, close the web browser, or turn off the router during this process!
    3. This section is written for the DD-WRT GUI. An OEM firmware interface will be different. See Precautions.
      1. Click the "Administration"->"Firmware Upgrade" tab.
      2. Optional: select the option to Reset to Defaults after flashing (NOTE: this can cause flashing issues)
      3. Click the "Browse" button and select the DD-WRT .bin file you downloaded and confirmed.
      4. Click the "Upgrade" button and wait for a redirect page confirming successful upload.
      5. Now wait at least 5 minutes before clicking "Continue". This varies with the hardware.
      6. If flashed successfully you will now be able to access the DD-WRT web interface at [192.168.1.1].
  4. Reset Again
    1. Do this only after you have confirmed that the firmware upgrade is working.
    2. This is required if flashing from OEM firmware! See the above section again.
    3. For DD-WRT upgrades, this should only be needed if making large build jumps, changing kernel version (e.g. 2.4 to 2.6 or 2.6 to 3.10), or if having issues. For the latter, reset, retest, and then search the forum before making a new post.
  5. Possible Errors with Uploading Firmware
    1. If the DD-WRT web interface is not accessible after 10 minutes, try clearing the browser cache, renewing the IP address ("ipconfig -renew" in a Windows command prompt window), another reset, or power cycle.
    2. Ping the router: a TTL=64 response indicates normal operation, while TTL=100 usually indicates a TFTP server awaiting firmware upload. TFTP usually only is available in the first couple seconds at power-up, and may time out if the file upload is larger than OEM versions. See Tftp_flash, and note only OEM firmware may work for TFTP, possible trailed builds.
    3. Search the forum, wiki, Supported Devices, and DD-WRT download page for your specific device.
    4. The firmware upload process may respond with "Upload Failed" if using the wrong file type, kernel, or size of DD-WRT (or may just brick). E.g. This may occur through the web GUI if you use a *wrt54g.bin version when you should have selected the generic version. It may also be that your router requires the mini version to be flashed before the full version. Ensure you have the right version, as described in the first section.
    5. See Recover from a Bad Flash or try a different internet browser to upload the firmware.
    6. If logging in fails with the default username/password, reset again.

[edit] Method 2: Flashing with TFTP

TFTP is generally a safe method to flash many routers. However, it is not preferred method for flashing most devices. In the Hardware-specific section you may be advised to use this method if it is the preferred or only method for your brand or type of device. Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used, as it is adequate for the vast majority of standard situations, but refer to the Hardware-specific section to be sure.

Tftp is easy: if often requires one quick box uncheck and a quick click - then you are good to go. It is great for instances when web GUI malfunctions or the router appears to be (but is not) bricked.

If you still wish to flash with TFTP, see the articles TFTP flash, Asus TFTP Flash and Recovering with TFTP.

[edit] Method 3: Flashing with Command Line

This is only available on routers that already have DD-WRT installed and Telnet/SSH enabled. It is the *ONLY* recommended method to upgrade the router wirelessly because the file is transferred from the DD-WRT servers to the router and the checksum is verified to ensure that the file is not corrupt. Other flashing methods transfer the file from your PC to the router (which would go over the wireless which is not as reliable) and do nothing to verify that the file is not corrupted. NOTE: Builds after 47381 do not have ftp support compiled in to busybox wget; use curl intead.

First Telnet or ssh into DD-WRT.

1a. Download the firmware to the router's /tmp directory with wget (http or ftp), curl (http or ftp), scp, or a mounted share.

cd /tmp
wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}

Or:

curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}

Note: To download from login/password protected sites (like BS' ftp for testers), use the following syntax:

wget ftp://{login}:{password}@{download location}/{firmware}

Or:

curl -u {login}:{password} ftp://{download location}/{firmware} -o {firmware}

1b. Optional: Compare the MD5 checksum [obsolete] of the original and the downloaded file.

  • For modern builds, one can also download the file to another directory (or device) and check the md5sum for both downloads:
md5sum {firmware}

2. Now write the firmware to flash (do NOT use mtd write):

write {firmware} linux &
  • The ampersand backgrounds the write command to protect against connection loss, as the shell would otherwise abort it.

Note: some routers can have more than one firmware partition: e.g. linux and linux2

  • For an example on how to check and switch boot partitions, see here.

3. Optional: Reset nvram (if having issues or for large version changes) via erase nvram or nvram erase The latter is for builds after 18 Apr 2018 (35770 and later). See Erasing NVRAM for details.

4. When completed without error, finally:

reboot

[edit] Other Notes

[edit] Upgrading to a Newer Version of DD-WRT

If DD-WRT is already installed on your router, you can simply upgrade to a new version via the web interface or TFTP. However, it is highly recommended that you restore the router to defaults using the reset button before and after flash. Never restore old backups from previous versions! Skipping these steps could lead to a bricked device!

[edit] If you can't wget the firmware

NOTE:On routers without OpenSSL (e.g. 4MB models), the https link won't work: use HTTP or FTP.

If you don't ordinarily use DNSmasq for local DNS (perhaps because you run another DNS server), then the CLI commands may not be able to resolve addresses, so wget may fail. This can be hard to troubleshoot since the busybox commands don't return errors. Possible workarounds:

  • Enable DNSmasq just while getting the file
nvram set dns_dnsmasq=1
stopservice dnsmasq
startservice dnsmasq
nvram set dns_dnsmasq=0
  • Use nslookup on another host to get the IP address of ftp.dd-wrt.com, then download from
    ftp://<ip>/<path>
    • Note: HTTP won't work (the download1 vhost needs the "Host" header to give you the file, and the stripped-down DD-WRT wget doesn't have the --header option).
  • You can optionally use the following workaround as well:
cd /tmp
echo "nameserver {ip of your local nameserver / gateway router}" > /tmp/resolv.conf
wget http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware}

OR

curl http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} -o {firmware}

OR

curl --ipv4 http://download1.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv2/downloads/betas/{year}/{build}/{platform}/{firmware} --output {firmware}

[edit] Configuration Notes

  • You must start to configure router from scratch. Do not try to use config files from older firmware versions.
  • It is strongly advised that you do not disable the "Boot Wait" option under the "Administration" tab. Boot Wait allows you recover if you flash your router improperly.

[edit] If something goes wrong

  • If your router fails to reboot (power light doesn't stop flashing, no web interface, etc) you will need to Recover from a Bad Flash. Additional help can be found by doing a forum search.
  • The peacock thread's section on bricked routers ([7]) can help you to identify if you have a real problem or not.