Guest Network

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-A virtual '''Guest Network''' is a separate SSID (wireless network ID) for guests that gives them access to the WAN (Internet) while blocking them from your LAN (local network) thereby protecting your security.+{{Languages|Guest_Network}}
-Kong added easy Guest Network capability to DD-WRT starting with build '''23020'''. Instructions for how to set it up: '''[http://tips.desipro.de/2013/12/06/guest-wifi-setup-dd-wrt/ Guest Wifi Setup DD-WRT]'''+==Introduction==
 +A '''Guest Network''' is a separate SSID (wireless network ID) using a virtual access point (VAP) that gives guest access to the WAN (internet) while blocking them from your LAN (local network), thereby protecting your security.
 +*Also see [[Multiple_WLANs|Multiple WLANs]]
-Even though it's isolated from your LAN, your Guest Network should have a ''good network password'' to prevent unauthorized {ab)use of your Internet service, and it should be a ''different password'' from your wireless LAN.+==DNSMasq method==
 +This uses the "23020 and later" method, but with DNSMasq instead of DHCPd. For setups [[Linking_Routers|without a WAN]] (e.g. [[Wireless_access_point|WAP]]), iptables (''Firewall'') rules are required for internet access, as Multiple DHCP Server is not available with the WAN disabled. See [[Guest_Network#VAP_with_no_WAN|VAP with no WAN]] to fix it.
-Another common use of a Guest Network is to provide Internet access for an adjacent rental unit or a neighbor.+*In the DD-WRT Control Panel tab ''Services >> Services >> DNSMasq'': Enable DNSMasq, but leave other options disabled
 +* In ''Additional DNSMasq Options'', add the IP address and range for the appropriate virtual guest interface
 +**Example for Broadcom (5 GHz is ''wl1.1''), Atheros is ''ath0.1'' or ''ath1.1'', '''but depends on the router''':
 + interface=wl0.1
 + dhcp-option=wl0.1,3,192.168.7.1
 + dhcp-range=wl0.1,192.168.7.2,192.168.7.60,255.255.255.0,12h
 + 
 +==23020 and later==
 +Kong added easy Guest Network capability to DD-WRT starting with build 23020. See [[Guest WiFi + abuse control for beginners]]
 +*Firewall changes should not be needed for a normal gateway router setup
 + 
 +==Prior to 23020==
 +Reference: [http://www.alexlaird.com/2013/03/dd-wrt-guest-wireless/ DD-WRT Guest Wireless]
 +#Section ''Wireless'' -> ''Basic Settings'' tab
 +#*“Add” a “Virtual Interface”, give this guest network a separate SSID, and “Enable” “AP Isolation”.
 +#*Click '''Save''', then '''Apply'''
 +#''Wireless Security'' tab: also use a separate password, and WPA2 AES security
 +#*Click '''Save''', then '''Apply'''
 +#Section ''Setup'' -> ''Networking'' tab
 +#*Under “Create Bridge” click “Add”, name it, then set a different subnet
 +#*Under “Assign to Bridge” click “Add", select the new bridge, then assign it to the new virtual interface
 +#*Click '''Save''', then '''Apply'''
 +#''Networking'' tab: under “Multiple DHCP Server” click “Add” and select the new bridge
 +#*Click '''Save''', then '''Apply'''
 +#Section ''Administration'' -> ''Commands'' tab
 +#Firewall Rules to secure the private network and give the guest network internet access:
 +#*Copy/paste the below, then click '''Save Firewall'''
 + iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o `get_wanface` -j SNAT --to `nvram get wan_ipaddr`
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -o br0 -m state --state NEW -j DROP
 +More Firewall Rules to isolate guest and restrict services' access:
 +*Copy/paste the below, then click '''Save Firewall'''
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -o br1 -m state --state NEW -j DROP
 + iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport telnet -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
 + iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport ssh -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
 + iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport www -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
 + iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport https -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
 +Test the guest network, reboot if not working
 + 
 +==Special Notes==
 + 
 +====Guest VAP Passwords====
 +To prevent unauthorized network access, you must use a ''different wireless password'' from your normal Wireless Access Point. Though isolated from the LAN, a Guest Network should have a ''strong password'' .
 + 
 +====Guest Access to a Network Device====
 +To allow the guest network access to a printer, web server, or other network device, add this rule last:
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i wl0.1 -o br0 -d {IP address} -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
 +*Adjusting the virtual interface, bridge, and appropriate IP address
 + 
 +====Multi-radio routers====
 +To have guest VAP's from multiple radios on the same subnet, create a bridge for them. Multiple interfaces would need their own entries for DNSMasq (and the firewall, if applicable), such as for both ''wl0.1'' and ''wl1.1''. 'Net Isolation' (Networking page under br1 section) will not isolate all interfaces from the primary network.
 +*This may depend on the interfaces bridged via br1, so be sure to test
 +*To be safe, add firewall rules to block br1 from the subnet and router, but ensure the guest has DHCP & DNS:
 + iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
 + iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p udp -m multiport --dports 53,67 -j ACCEPT
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -o br0 -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
 +*Copy/paste these lines to ''Administration->Commands'', then click ''Save Firewall''
 +*To allow this ''br1'' access to a printer, web server, or other network device, add this rule last:
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -o br0 -d {IP address} -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
 + 
 +====VAP with no WAN====
 +If the router is not used as a gateway (like an AP, thus WAN and DHCP are disabled, but the same subnet as the primary gateway router), firewall rules are needed for client access restrictions and internet access.
 +*Examples: Access Point (AP), Repeater Bridge (RB), & Dual-band Client Bridge + AP: see [[Linking_Routers|here]]
 +*To get internet access from the bridge:''
 +*''Administration->Commands'': copy/paste these lines then click ''Save Firewall'' ('''Maintain the rules order'''):
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i wl0.1 -d `nvram get lan_ipaddr`/`nvram get lan_netmask` -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
 + iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o br0 -j SNAT --to `nvram get lan_ipaddr`
 +*Note that the bridge and/or virtual interface may be different
 +*''Net Isolation'' does not work on a WAP so keep it disabled and add this to the firewall:
 + iptables -I FORWARD -i wl0.1 -d `nvram get lan_ipaddr`/`nvram get lan_netmask` -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
 +*Also to isolate the WAP itself from the guest network: [Note: not all firmwares have the ''multiport'' directive]
 + iptables -I INPUT -i wl0.1 -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
 + iptables -I INPUT -i wl0.1 -p udp -m multiport --dports 53,67 -j ACCEPT
 +*Finally, reboot the router.
 +For more details on this, see [http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=1047143#1047143 this post]. For more on various firewall rules' impacts, see [https://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=1064894#1064894 this post].
 +*Settings ''DNS Target'' does not work on a WAP if the primary router has ''Forced DNS Redirection'' enabled. A workaround is if the AP is running DNSCrypt, set it to use OpenDNS "Family Shield DNS": also see [[Guest WiFi + abuse control for beginners]].
 + 
 +[[Category:Wlan]]
 +[[Category:Basic tutorials]]

Revision as of 19:55, 24 January 2020


Contents

Introduction

A Guest Network is a separate SSID (wireless network ID) using a virtual access point (VAP) that gives guest access to the WAN (internet) while blocking them from your LAN (local network), thereby protecting your security.

DNSMasq method

This uses the "23020 and later" method, but with DNSMasq instead of DHCPd. For setups without a WAN (e.g. WAP), iptables (Firewall) rules are required for internet access, as Multiple DHCP Server is not available with the WAN disabled. See VAP with no WAN to fix it.

  • In the DD-WRT Control Panel tab Services >> Services >> DNSMasq: Enable DNSMasq, but leave other options disabled
  • In Additional DNSMasq Options, add the IP address and range for the appropriate virtual guest interface
    • Example for Broadcom (5 GHz is wl1.1), Atheros is ath0.1 or ath1.1, but depends on the router:
interface=wl0.1
dhcp-option=wl0.1,3,192.168.7.1
dhcp-range=wl0.1,192.168.7.2,192.168.7.60,255.255.255.0,12h

23020 and later

Kong added easy Guest Network capability to DD-WRT starting with build 23020. See Guest WiFi + abuse control for beginners

  • Firewall changes should not be needed for a normal gateway router setup

Prior to 23020

Reference: DD-WRT Guest Wireless

  1. Section Wireless -> Basic Settings tab
    • “Add” a “Virtual Interface”, give this guest network a separate SSID, and “Enable” “AP Isolation”.
    • Click Save, then Apply
  2. Wireless Security tab: also use a separate password, and WPA2 AES security
    • Click Save, then Apply
  3. Section Setup -> Networking tab
    • Under “Create Bridge” click “Add”, name it, then set a different subnet
    • Under “Assign to Bridge” click “Add", select the new bridge, then assign it to the new virtual interface
    • Click Save, then Apply
  4. Networking tab: under “Multiple DHCP Server” click “Add” and select the new bridge
    • Click Save, then Apply
  5. Section Administration -> Commands tab
  6. Firewall Rules to secure the private network and give the guest network internet access:
    • Copy/paste the below, then click Save Firewall
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o `get_wanface` -j SNAT --to `nvram get wan_ipaddr`
iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -o br0 -m state --state NEW -j DROP

More Firewall Rules to isolate guest and restrict services' access:

  • Copy/paste the below, then click Save Firewall
iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -o br1 -m state --state NEW -j DROP
iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport telnet -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport ssh -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport www -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset
iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport https -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset

Test the guest network, reboot if not working

Special Notes

Guest VAP Passwords

To prevent unauthorized network access, you must use a different wireless password from your normal Wireless Access Point. Though isolated from the LAN, a Guest Network should have a strong password .

Guest Access to a Network Device

To allow the guest network access to a printer, web server, or other network device, add this rule last:

iptables -I FORWARD -i wl0.1 -o br0 -d {IP address} -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
  • Adjusting the virtual interface, bridge, and appropriate IP address

Multi-radio routers

To have guest VAP's from multiple radios on the same subnet, create a bridge for them. Multiple interfaces would need their own entries for DNSMasq (and the firewall, if applicable), such as for both wl0.1 and wl1.1. 'Net Isolation' (Networking page under br1 section) will not isolate all interfaces from the primary network.

  • This may depend on the interfaces bridged via br1, so be sure to test
  • To be safe, add firewall rules to block br1 from the subnet and router, but ensure the guest has DHCP & DNS:
iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p udp -m multiport --dports 53,67 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -o br0 -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
  • Copy/paste these lines to Administration->Commands, then click Save Firewall
  • To allow this br1 access to a printer, web server, or other network device, add this rule last:
iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -o br0 -d {IP address} -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT

VAP with no WAN

If the router is not used as a gateway (like an AP, thus WAN and DHCP are disabled, but the same subnet as the primary gateway router), firewall rules are needed for client access restrictions and internet access.

  • Examples: Access Point (AP), Repeater Bridge (RB), & Dual-band Client Bridge + AP: see here
  • To get internet access from the bridge:
  • Administration->Commands: copy/paste these lines then click Save Firewall (Maintain the rules order):
iptables -I FORWARD -i wl0.1 -d `nvram get lan_ipaddr`/`nvram get lan_netmask` -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o br0 -j SNAT --to `nvram get lan_ipaddr`
  • Note that the bridge and/or virtual interface may be different
  • Net Isolation does not work on a WAP so keep it disabled and add this to the firewall:
iptables -I FORWARD -i wl0.1 -d `nvram get lan_ipaddr`/`nvram get lan_netmask` -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
  • Also to isolate the WAP itself from the guest network: [Note: not all firmwares have the multiport directive]
iptables -I INPUT -i wl0.1 -m state --state NEW -j REJECT
iptables -I INPUT -i wl0.1 -p udp -m multiport --dports 53,67 -j ACCEPT
  • Finally, reboot the router.

For more details on this, see this post. For more on various firewall rules' impacts, see this post.

  • Settings DNS Target does not work on a WAP if the primary router has Forced DNS Redirection enabled. A workaround is if the AP is running DNSCrypt, set it to use OpenDNS "Family Shield DNS": also see Guest WiFi + abuse control for beginners.