Asus RT-N13U
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Revision as of 19:16, 3 February 2011 (edit) Delta hd (Talk | contribs) m (→Flashing DD-WRT to a Stock Asus RT-N13U) ← Previous diff |
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<b>1. Preparation for Initial DD-WRT Install</b> | <b>1. Preparation for Initial DD-WRT Install</b> | ||
- | <br>NB: | + | <br>NB: This operation is made only once, to convert the Asus ''firmware loader'' into a DD-WRT ''firmware loader''; if you get nuts and want to get back to the Asus firmware, first you need to undo this operation before flashing the Asus firmware back '''[link needed here]'''. |
:1. Download latest DD-WRT Firmware Image | :1. Download latest DD-WRT Firmware Image | ||
:*Browse to [ftp://www.dd-wrt.com/others/eko/BrainSlayer-V24-preSP2/ firmware repository] and select/open most current directory, Ex. 12-24-10-r15962/ | :*Browse to [ftp://www.dd-wrt.com/others/eko/BrainSlayer-V24-preSP2/ firmware repository] and select/open most current directory, Ex. 12-24-10-r15962/ |
Revision as of 19:21, 3 February 2011
The original hardware version (not B1, see Notes below) is now supported and quite stable.
This device continues to be one of the lowest-cost (reported min $18 USD) wireless-N alternatives with USB connectivity, supporting:
- Network printer
- USB-connected HDDs and flash drives, ext2/ext3/FAT/FAT32/NTFS
- Second or multiple wireless LAN(s)
- Optware Light*
- Samba (FTP and file sharing)
- Transmission (torrent client)
- Asterisk (PBX, VoIP gateway)
- Other Optware packages
- Sound card* (not yet functional; drivers needed)
*With attached USB flash device (and hub if any other connections)
Hardware Revision B1 Notes:
- Current firmware images will NOT work on hardware version B1!
- Identify by "B1" clearly printed on bottom panel of router
- Want to see rev B1 unleashed with DD-WRT? Donate a router!
For discussion or comments, see RT-N13U thread.
Many thanks to those who got DD-WRT working on the RT-N13U!
Device Specifications
- Power Supply = 12VDC 1,0A
- Ethernet Ports = 1x WAN RJ-45 10/100 Base T, 4x LAN RJ-45 10/100 Base T
- Antennas = 3x internal antennas
- USB ports = 1x USB2.0
- Wireless standards supported: 802.11b (max. 11 Mbit/s), 802.11g (max. 54 Mbit/s), 802.11n (max. 300 Mbit/s, 2.4 GHz only)
- RAM = 32 MB (64 MB in rev B1)
- Flash = 4 MB (8 MB in rev B1)
- CPU = Ralink RT3052F clocked at 384 MHz
Flashing DD-WRT to a Stock Asus RT-N13U
This procedure places the router in recovery mode, then uses Asus' Firmware Restoration utility to upload the DD-WRT image. Subsequent updates, if any, are much easier - you can then make direct webflash by Administration->FirmwareUpgrade usin only the 3.52Mb file named Asus-RTN13U-webflash.bin .
1. Preparation for Initial DD-WRT Install
NB: This operation is made only once, to convert the Asus firmware loader into a DD-WRT firmware loader; if you get nuts and want to get back to the Asus firmware, first you need to undo this operation before flashing the Asus firmware back [link needed here].
- 1. Download latest DD-WRT Firmware Image
- Browse to firmware repository and select/open most current directory, Ex. 12-24-10-r15962/
- Open 'Asus-RTN13U' directory and download 'asus-to-ddwrt.trx'
- 2. Download latest version of the Asus Utility
- Browse to http://support.asus.com/download
- In the three dropdown menus, select 'Wireless', 'AP/Router', 'RT-N13U', and click 'Search'
- Select OS in popup menu
- Click '+' next to 'Utilities' and skip down to the most current non-B1 version, now 4.0.6.3 dated 2010/01/06. In that box, click 'Global' and save the UT_RT_N13U_4063.zip file. (Also see next step, download firmware.)
- Within that zip file, navigate to the UT4063/Utility folder and run 'setup' to install.
- Be sure there is access to the Firmware Restoration utility
- 3. Download safety copy of Asus firmware
- Do same as previous step, except click '+' next to 'Firmware' and download latest non-B1 version, now 1.0.2.0 dated 2010/01/06.
- Note that this file should not be needed; use only to restore Asus FW to router if later desired.
- 4. Last few checks
- If not already directly wired, connect Ethernet cable from one of the router's LAN ports to client PC.
- Be sure router's other three LAN ports and WAN port are open (nothing connected)
- On PC, disable all other network adapters: wireless, modem, etc.
- On PC, disable any firewall (Ex. Windows Firewall)
- Optional: Set PC to use a static IP, Ex. 192.168.1.2, netmask 255.255.255.0, gateway 192.168.1.1
- If possible, use uninterruptable power supply (UPS) for both PC and router. A power failure while flashing, though not likely, will probably brick the router.
- Note: Early on, some had problems using Firefox. Consider using Internet Explorer or Chrome.
- Final warning: Installing this firmware on a B1 version will brick the device. (See note at top of page.)
2. Flash to DD-WRT
- 1. Place router in Recovery mode
- Disconnect power adapter plug from the RT-N13U
- Push and hold the Restore button located on bottom panel. While continuing to hold down the Restore button, plug the power adapter back into router.
- After five seconds, LED on front panel starts to blink, release the button.
- 2. Upload firmware image
- On PC, open Asus' Firmware Restoration utility (installed earlier)
- In Firmware Restoration window, click 'Browse' and select the DD-WRT image file, asus-to-ddwrt.trx (downloaded earlier)
- Click 'Upload' to begin flash process that can take up to four minutes. Brick warning: Do not interrupt!
- When message that router is rebooting appears, close Firmware Restoration utility.
3. Reboot, launch DD-WRT web interface, and cleanup
- After a minute or two, disconnect power adapter plug from the RT-N13U
- Wait at least ten seconds, then reconnect to power
- If optional step of setting static IP was followed earlier, can reset to automatic
- Browse to 192.168.1.1 should bring up the DD-WRT web interface; set name/password for first access
- Configure router as desired. Default connection is DHCP; for DSL check DSL with DD-WRT.
- When satisfied that factory firmware will not be used again, uninstall Asus Utility from PC and delete Asus files.
Automounting ext3/FAT/FAT32/NTFS
The following tutorial is provided primarily by gouryella (taken from http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=454647#454647), also by calvin18 and others of the community. The RT-N13U has only 4 MB flash, which is almost full with DD-WRT installed. Ext3 needs an extra 200 KB of storage, and the driver is not present in the DD-WRT firmware yet [BrS]. Gouryella wrote a smart script that downloads the ext3 driver and mounts the 1st partition to /opt during boot (after WAN is up)
1. Just paste the following into the text box in Administration -> Commands and click Save Startup
[NOTE: configuration of filesystem support and partitions can be easy set at first line, NTFS needs aditional driver, that can be installed after you pass Optware guide by ipkg install ntfs-3g]
EXT3="YES"; EXT3P="part1"; NTFS="NO"; NTFSP="part2"; FAT="NO"; FATP="part3"; mkdir /tmp/etc/config echo "wget http://home.karneval.cz/10102207/fs.gz -P /tmp/root" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup echo "tar -xvzf /tmp/root/fs.gz -C /tmp/root" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup if [ "$EXT3" == "YES" ]; then echo "sh /tmp/root/ext3" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup; fi if [ "$NTFS" == "YES" ]; then echo "insmod /tmp/root/fuse.ko" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup; fi if [ "$FAT" == "YES" ]; then echo "sh /tmp/root/fat" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup; fi echo "mount /dev/discs/disc0/$EXT3P -o noatime,nodiratime /opt" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup echo "/opt/bin/ntfs-3g /dev/discs/disc0/$NTFSP /mnt" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup echo "mount /dev/discs/disc0/$FATP /jffs" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup echo "rm /tmp/root/*.ko /tmp/root/fs.gz /tmp/root/ext3 /tmp/root/fat" >> /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup chmod +x /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup echo "nobody:*:65000:65000:nobody:/mnt:/bin/false" >> /etc/passwd
1.1 Enable the following under Services -> USB
Core USB Support USB 2.0 Support USB Storage Support Automatic Drive Mount
1.2. Reboot router with an ext3 formatted USB drive plugged in
If the drive was successfully mounted (which may take some time), try another filesystems by editing 1st line of script.
[NOTE: check mounts thru putty by DF -h because in dd-wrt gui is is shown only after repluging drive]
1.3 Debugging:
#delete or sharp 10th line, reboot again and check: dmesg lsmod ls /tmp/root cat /tmp/etc/config/fs.wanup ls /tmp/etc/config/
Installing Optware Light
The following tutorial is provided by gouryella (taken from http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=454647#454647)
1. Installing Optware (only to an ext3 partition; /opt MUST be empty)
wget http://home.karneval.cz/10102207/optware-install.sh -O - | tr -d '\r' > /tmp/optware-install.sh sh /tmp/optware-install.sh; ipkg update; ipkg upgrade wget http://home.karneval.cz/10102207/sort -P /opt/bin; chmod +x /opt/bin/sort
[NOTE: gateway is hard set to 192.168.1.1, if u have problem with this replace in optware-install.sh by vi or sed]
Now you can install another Optware packabe from http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Tutorials or if u like:
1.1. Install xinetd, vsftpd, samba, webserver, pxe boot server, wget, nano, htop, dlq rapget
ipkg install xinetd htop nano samba2 vsftpd tftp-hpa wget; killall xinetd smbd nmbd rm /opt/etc/samba/smb.conf /opt/etc/vsftpd.conf /opt/etc/init.d/S80samba /opt/etc/xinetd.d/tftp wget http://home.karneval.cz/10102207/opt.gz -P /opt; tar -xvzf /opt/opt.gz -C /opt sh /opt/etc/init.d/S10httpd; sh /opt/etc/init.d/S10xinetd; rm /opt/opt.gz
1.2 Well done, RT-N13u is ready for basic usage, u can acces by
samba: \\192.168.1.1 rem to add as hardrive in W7/XP run in command line net use a: \\192.168.1.1\www net use b: \\192.168.1.1\dlq web: http://192.168.1.1:8080 ftp: ftp://192.168.1.1 pxe: add: dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0,dw-wrt,192.168.1.1 to Services -> Services -> Additional DNSMasq Options
1.3 Open to the world (paste to Administrations -> Commands and Save Firewall)
iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp -d $(nvram get wan_ipaddr) --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.1:8080 iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp -d $(nvram get wan_ipaddr) --dport 22 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.1:22 iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp -d $(nvram get wan_ipaddr) --dport 21 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.1:21 iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -d 192.168.1.1 --dport 8080 -j logaccept iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -d 192.168.1.1 --dport 22 -j logaccept iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -d 192.168.1.1 --dport 21 -j logaccept
Installing a Transmission-daemon onto Asus RT-N13U
I have just successfully installed and running this Transmission Torrent thingy
and thanks to "Gouryella" for showing us the light
adopted with slight Modification from Transmission daemon kudos to anonymous code-angels--Capper 22:07, 25 August 2010 (CEST)
1. Make the following folders
cd /opt mkdir -p /opt/data/torrents/.config # -p to make directories at the same time
The plan is to have everything torrent go to the folder /opt/data/torrents
2. Install Optware Transmission
/opt/bin/ipkg-opt -verbose_wget install transmission
- Note: I like to see the progress of the downloading process, so I know the right thing is happening. This is done with the -verbose_wget parameter.
3. Started and stopped Transmission to get the basic work folders
/opt/bin/transmission-daemon -g /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon killall transmission-daemon
With the command above you get the basic folder structure of:
/opt/data/torrents/.config/ /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon/settings.json #file /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon/blocklists /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon/resume /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon/torrents
4. Edit settings.json
nano /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon/settings.json
5. Delete contents of settings.json and copy-paste following code into it.
{ "blocklist-enabled": 1, "download-dir": "\/opt\/data\/torrents", "download-limit": 100, "download-limit-enabled": 1, "encryption": 2, "max-peers-global": 35, "peer-port": 25000, "pex-enabled": 1, "port-forwarding-enabled": 1, "rpc-authentication-required": 0, "rpc-password": "", "rpc-port": 9091, "rpc-username": "", "rpc-whitelist": "192.168.1.*", "upload-limit": 200, "upload-limit-enabled": 1 }
The file settings.json can also be downloaded from here (the wget command is one line):
wget http://www.3iii.dk/linux/optware/settings.json -O /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon/settings.json
but change to "download-dir": "\/opt\/data\/torrents", from "download-dir": "\/mnt\/data\/torrents",
6. Open listening port for WAN access
Go to your DD-WRT control panel and add the following to Administration - Commands - Firewall
iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp -d $(nvram get wan_ipaddr) --dport 25000 -j DNAT --to 192.168.1.1:25000 iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -d 192.168.1.1 --dport 25000 -j logaccept
You may change the value 25000 to whatever port you specified in the settings.json file for the value "peer-port"
7. Restart transmission
/opt/bin/transmission-daemon -g /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon
8. Accessing Transmission web interface
Now you get web access to the Transmission page by going to http://192.168.1.1:9091. That is, if your routers IP is 192.168.1.1
9. Autorun Transmission-daemon every time router reboot
I would not like to go to command shell and type to start the Daemon. so here is the autostart for couch potatoes like me.
cd /opt/etc/init.d rm S99trans
This will remove old S99trans initializing file you might have in the directory . We will now create an autorun script for our Transmission-Daemon
nano S99trans
now type-in following lines in it
sleep 120 /opt/bin/transmission-daemon -g /opt/data/torrents/.config/transmission-daemon
Save it by presseing CTRL+O followed by CTRL+X , now we will Make it executable by...
chmod +x /opt/etc/init.d/S99trans
You are done. Enjoy downloadig sans PC.
10. How to get transmission to download torrent files?
- In a web browser go to your favourite torrent site/tracker and download a "<myfile>.torrent" file - In a web browser go to 192.168.1.1:9091 to enter the Transmission web page. - click "open" - click the text field (or "select" button) - point out the "<myfile>.torrent" - click "upload" and the torrent'ed file should start downloading shortly.
The downloaded file will turn up in the /opt/data/torrents folder.
The full space of the file will be reserved from the start, so in a FTP, WinSCP or Explorer via Samba it may seem like the file is all there immediately, but it is not! It is fully downloaded when the line turns green in the Transmission web interface at 192.168.1.1:9091.
You can see details about any of the torrent files by clicking the Inspector button on the right in the Transmission web interface.
11. Another interface option
You might also want to check out a front-end (remote-GUI) for the rpc version of transmission.
transmission-remote-gui is an application written in Free Pascal to remotely manage Transmission See: http://code.google.com/p/transmisson-remote-gui
transmission-remote-dotnet is a .NET application written in C# to remotely manage Transmission. See: http://code.google.com/p/transmission-remote-dotnet/
"Try the latest one (beta is welcomed over here)"
Installing a Network Printer onto Asus RT-N13U
As of v24-PreSp2 (first versions to work on Asus RT-N13U) jffs was removed due to the lack of space available. However, Brainslayer put the support of network printing onto the firmware, enabling use of a network printer. Special Thanks for TimeKiller for figuring out most of the solution.
1. First enable USB support
Enable the following under Services -> USB:
Core USB Support USB 1.1 Support (UHCI) USB 1.1 Support (OHCI) USB 2.0 Support USB Printer Support
2. Startup Settings
Go to Administrations -> Commands, and add this:
sleep 4 mkdir -m 755 -p /dev/usb mknod -m 660 /dev/usb/lp0 c 180 0 /usr/sbin/p910nd -f /dev/usb/lp0 1
Save on the Startup.
3. Reboot and Install Drivers
Reboot the router, then install drivers through tcp/ip (9101)
For Windows 7:
Go to Devices and Printers Then, press Add a Printer Got to Network Printers Skip the detection, as Windows will not find anything Go to "Add a printer using a tcp/ip address or hostname" Device type: Autodetect Hostname and ip address: your router's ip (default 192.168.1.1) Port Name: Anything (puts your router's ip by default) After it says it could not detect a printer, select custom, then Advanced Make sure the protocol is RAW and change the Port Number is 9101 Install your drivers and finish.
You should print a test page to see if it works.
4. Troubleshooting If the test page does not come, try these settings instead:
Go to Administrations -> Commands, and add this:
sleep 4 chmod +rwx /usr/sbin/p910nd mkdir -m 755 -p /dev/usb mknod -m 660 /dev/usb/lp0 c 180 0 chmod +rwx /dev/usb/lp0 /usr/sbin/p910nd -b -f /dev/usb/lp0 0
Save again on the Startup. Reboot then follow the steps above but instead of port 9101, put in 9100. You should print a test page again to see if it works. If it doesn't work, you somehow did not follow the instructions correctly.
Fire up a Second Wireless Network w/ Optional Bandwidth Throttling
A second (or even third) wireless network is useful for sharing the router's Internet connection. The new wireless network(s) is easily configurable:
- Secure or open (hotspot)
- Complete or partial isolation from the main network
- Amount of bandwidth alloted
All setup is done in the DD-WRT web interface. (The following instructions should work for other Ralink-based routers as well.)
Browse to the router's home page and login, then:
1. Create Virtual Interface for New Wireless Network
On Wireless | Basic Settings page, under 'Virtual Interfaces' click Add
- Key second SSID, the 'Wireless Network Name' preferred, Ex. BobNet, YoHotspot.
- Check that 'Wireless SSID Broadcast' is Enable
- Set 'AP Isolation' as preferred: Enable (default) for client-to-client communication on the new wireless network, Disable to isolate each.
- Set 'Network Configuration' to Bridged
- Be sure 'Wireless Mode' at top of page is set to AP (Access Point)
- Click Apply Settings.
2. Set Security for New Wireless Interface
On the Wireless | Wireless Security page, under 'Virtual Interfaces ra1 SSID...' ("ra1" is the new wireless interface just created in step 1.), set parameters as desired for security. These setting work exactly the same as for the router's physical interface (shown at top of page), but apply only to the new wireless network.
- For public access/hotspot, 'Security Mode' would be Disable.
- A shared secure network would normally use WPA2 and AES.
- When done, click Save.
3. Create Bridge for New Wireless Interface
On the Setup | Networking page, under 'Bridging' click Add.
- In leftmost (unlabled) field that pops up, key "br1" (without quotes),
- Set 'STP' to Off, and
- Leave 'Prio' (Priority) and MTU as they are. Click Save.
- New fields will appear for 'IP Address' and 'Subnet Mask'. Populate these (Typical values might be 192.168.16.1 and 255.255.255.0, used in following examples.) and click Save.
- Reboot.
4. Assign New Wireless Interface to New Bridge
Still on Setup | Networking page, under 'Assign to Bridge' click Add. On Assignment line that appears:
- Select 'br1' in dropdown menu,
- Pick 'ra1' in second dropdown menu (labled 'Interface'),
- Set priority, 'Prio', as desired. Higher number = lower priority. The corresponding priority numbers (under 'Create Bridge' and 'Assign to Bridge') should be similar. Ex. 32768 and 32760.
- Click Save and reboot.
- Check in 'Current Bridging Table' that ra1 interface is assigned to br1 (they appear on same line). If not, edit any bad entries, possibly Delete and re-key, Save, reboot, and repeat this step.
5. Enable DNSMasq as Sole DHCP Server
This has the added benefit of running the router more efficiently*. On Setup | Basic Setup page, see that:
- 'DHCP Type' is DHCP Server
- 'DHCP Server' is Enable
- 'Use DNSMasq for DHCP' is checked
- 'Use DNSMasq for DNS' is checked
On Services | Services page, set:
- 'Used Domain' to 'LAN & WLAN"
- 'LAN Domain' to some name (Ex. mylan, yourlan, lan1, alan etc.)
- 'DNSMasq' to Enable
- 'Local DNS' to Enable
- In 'Additional DNSMasq Options' window, paste the following:
local=/mylan/ expand-hosts interface=br1 dhcp-range=br1,192.168.16.100,192.168.16.120,255.255.255.0,1440m
- Edit the above pasted text to customize as needed:
- Replace "mylan" with the name chosen for 'LAN Domain' if different; these must match.
- Edit the "120" -- which allows 20 clients to connect simultaneously -- as desired.
- Edit both occurences of "192.168.16." to match the address keyed in 'Create Bridge for New Wireless Interface', above.
- Click Save and reboot.
*(For details, see DNSMasq page.)
6. Set Level of Isolation for New Wireless Network
Unless the new network is secure and all connected clients trusted, some isolation is needed.
- The easiest setup completely isolates the new network -- its clients have full access to the Internet, but not to the router or its wired or wireless clients. On the Administration | Commands page, under 'Command Shell', paste the following into the 'Commands' window:
iptables -I FORWARD -i br1 -o br0 -j DROP iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.16.0/24 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j DROP
- As above, edit the subnet addresses, 192.168.16 and 192.168.1, if customized. Click Run Commands and test/verify that everything works as expected. All pings or other attempts to connect between the two subnets should fail. Reboot if any problems.
- When satisfied, with final iptables rules in 'Commands' window, click Save Firewall. Note: A click of this button with bad rules showing can lock everyone out of the router, necessitating a hard reset (and loss of all custom settings). Do not skip the previous test step.
- If instead of total isolation it is desired to grant partial access to new networks' clients, determine which rules to modify and use (Ex. below), test and save as above.
iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport www -j REJECT iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport telnet -j REJECT iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport ssh -j REJECT iptables -I INPUT -i br1 -p tcp --dport https -j REJECT
7. Set Bandwidth Limits on New WLAN (Optional)
The maximum bandwidth taken by the new wireless network can be limited by following these steps. New WLAN clients will otherwise compete for bandwidth on equal footing with those on the main network.
- Navigate to one or more speed test sites (Ex. Speakeasy) and note maximum Up- and Down-link speeds.
- On NAT/QoS | QoS page, enable QoS ('Start QoS' Enable) and check that 'Port' is WAN and 'Packet Scheduler' is HTB.
- In 'Uplink' and 'Donwlink' fields, key desired maximum throttled values in light of speed test results above. To convert, Ex. 5.8 Mbps from test=5800 kbps, and 0.57 Mbps=570 kbps.
- Note: Settings below will make the throttled speeds just entered ('Uplink'/'Downlink') apply only to the new wireless network. While the help screen sets a guideline of "80%-100%" of maximum, these throttled values can be set to whatever the admin desires, perhaps as low as 10%. A setting of 50% could prove perfectly functional. Performance testing and tweaking is recommended.
- Under 'Netmask Priority', key new wireless subnet address. Using same as above, 192.168.16.0(/)24. Click Add.
- On the line that appears, set 'Priority', Ex. Bulk. Click Save.
- Repeat for main interface (Ex. 192.168.1.1(/)24), click Add, set priority as desired, typically 'Exempt', click Save.
- Reboot.
Note that throttling can also be applied based on application Service or MAC address.
If all steps were followed, the second SSID should appear to wireless clients in the area, their login and connection subject to the security and bandwidth settings made here. It is good to share with thy neighbor!
Sound Card
Waiting on drivers. See Audio Question.